踏在西天之路－《西遊記》女妖研究

在《西遊記》中，西天取經之路，也是妖靈精怪作法的場域，此是「道」（到）路也是「妖」（夭）路，妖練就了一身好功力，並也學習人間世事，使具有跨界的活躍本事。當妖幻化了女子身，進入了慾望的、社會的、禮俗的、性別的關係，處在一個被注視的世界，來部署其自身，「女」與「美」淬煉出其存在的鮮明效果。女妖的「變身」－可變之「身」，像是拼貼的符號，用身體來建構認同，透過再現的同時，由所創造的徵象系統，包裝成另個可能，新身份下「我是誰」有了新的確立。這個不斷發展自身的連續旅程，穿透外在所透顯的，記錄了女妖用法力，用景致、用性別、用服裝、用容儀、在拼的生死，用的是全生命去投入。即使最後多為死爛的下場，然就整體而言，女妖的生與死，展現個個差異的豐富性，記錄了土地上殊異生靈的不同想盼與發展。

關鍵字

女妖；變身；凝視；通道；西天之路

並列摘要

The way to go to the west for the Buddhist sutras is a way toward Heaven with a lot of evil spirits all the way. It is the way on which demons can do the evils unscrupulously, too. In addition to succeeding in practicing and reaching the summit of their force and skill, they also learn the worldly affairs. These make them travel between the fairyland and the mankind world freely. When turning into female bodies magically, the enchantresses dispose themselves under a gaze in the peeping world, and then entering the relationship of desire, society, ceremonial, and gender. ”Female” and ”beauty” can promote the clear of effect existence. The enchantresses do well in changing bodies. Changing bodies-they can make many changes in appearance, are like patched signs. Using their bodies to construct identification, they make themselves up for a new identity by creating the symbol system at the same time of their reappearances. ”Who I am” is confirmed again under anew identification. In the constant self-developed journey, it shows that even though almost all of the enchantresses meet their death, they devote their lives unreservedly to their life and struggle by using sorcery, scenery, gender, clothing, and looks. On the whole, the story teaches us that the lives and the deaths of the enchantresses show the abundance of individual differences. It also shows that every life has its own desires and developments.