臺灣中高齡勞工失業問題之檢視及政策思考

The Investigation of Unemployment Problems and Policies in Aged Labor Workers of Taiwan

馬財專(Tsai-Chuan Ma)

《臺灣社會福利學刊》 9卷1期 (2010/12) Pp. 45-95

https://doi.org/10.6265/TJSW.2010.9(1)2

摘要

本文透過歷時性文獻資料的整理，從不同的討論層次論證。透過資料考察，本文發現中高齡勞工所具體存在的勞動參與困境。這些困境的拆解並無法單獨從個別層面來加以解決，而必須透過整體制度結構與相關法令的建構及修訂才得取得適當的解套。從勞動考察中，面對中高齡勞動者就業及再就業所存在的參與困境，本文提出建議如下：（一）鼓勵企業的非典型僱用及提升勞工的參與意願；（二）積極性勞動市場政策的持續推動及強化就業媒合機制；（三）建構多樣化及區域性的職業訓練體系；（四）工資補貼政策配合；（五）政策與法令的彈性化與漸進式的退休規劃。除上述建議外，在未來勞動市場人力運用的思考脈絡，本文認爲在勞動市場中更應強化開發多元的彈性勞動工作，以及針對政府部門在勞動政策及法令的制訂與執行上的彈性化才是減少中高齡勞工失業的選擇與出路。

關鍵字

中高齡勞工 ； 積極性勞動政策 ； 非典型勞動工作 ； 工資補貼政策

並列摘要

Drawing on the analysis of secondary historical data, this article explores at different levels of analysis the employment problems faced by elderly workers in Taiwan, comparing them to the problems faced by elderly workers in other countries. The author discovered that the obstacles confronted by older works seeking to enter the labor force cannot be properly evaluated at a primitive level of analysis. Instead, it is necessary to deal with the labor market structure in Taiwan and the content of the relevant laws.
The author's investigation shows that the difficulties associated with the employment and reemployment of older workers is something we must confront. It also led the author to offer the following specific recommendations on related policies. First, it is necessary to increase the incentives of elderly employees to seek work, especially in non-traditional fields. Second, it is important to adopt and effectively implement the Active Labor Market Policy (ALMP) and to do a better job making information regarding employment opportunities available to older workers. Third, a wide range of regional occupational training systems should be established. Fourth, the wages of older workers need to be subsidized. Fifth, labor policy needs to be more flexible and programs should be set up to ease the path of older workers to retirement. Adoption of these policy measures, especially flexibility of working conditions, would play a significant role in reducing unemployment in Taiwan's labor market.

並列關鍵字

Older workers ； ALMP ； Non-standard work rules ； Wage subsidies

參考文獻

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