借鏡於藝術的教學－與「藝術創作者／教師」的對話

Arts-based Thinking on Teaching: Dialogue with Artists/Teachers

周淑卿(Shu-Ching Chou)

《當代教育研究季刊》 17卷2期 (2009/06) Pp. 1-29

https://doi.org/10.6151/CERQ.2009.1702.01

摘要

「教學即藝術」之說由來已久，但相較於教學的科學研究，由藝術角度對教學進行的研究正方興未艾。在「美學文本」的課程探究取向中，學者試圖藉由藝術的特質與歷程思考課程與教學的內涵，以提供革新的觀點。本文亦基於此取向，藉由訪談7位具有豐富藝術創作經驗的教師，進一步尋找教學與藝術歷程的共同性，並探討藝術創作者的思考是否可運用於教學。實徵資料提供四個主要的發現：一、藝術創作與教學都希望與人溝通思想，甚至進一步影響人與社會，這種試圖產生影響的意圖，教學比藝術為強。二、藝術創作允許過程中的偶發性， 所以目標往往是變動的。而教學也不應以固定的預設目標排除偶發性與變動性。三、藝術創作與教學歷程皆須憑藉邏輯思考以進行布局，而直覺、聯想與想像則創造驚奇與活力。四、藝術上的創新主要在找尋更適切的表現途徑，而非徒然標新立異；教學的創新則有賴於教師像創作者一般，經常去嘗試、瞭解並記錄各種方法與素材的特性，以找尋適切的教學方式。藝術性的教學要求教師對新事物保持開放心態，像創作者一樣總是在觀察、嘗試與記錄新事物，總是在問「可能性」，並不斷尋求新的自我。

關鍵字

教師思考 ； 教學即藝術 ； 藝術性的教學

並列摘要

The metaphor of ”teaching as art” has been lasting for a long time. However, in comparison with the scientific inquiry of teaching, the inquiry based on the perspective of art is just rising in recent years. In the approach of ”curriculum as aesthetic text,” many researchers attempted to seek for the meanings of curriculum and teaching through clarifying traits of art processes. Following the approach, this article aims to discuss how artists think and act and furthermore identify the similarities betweens teaching and art by means of interviewing some teachers with rich experiences of art creation.There are four main findings based on the data from the interviews. Firstly, both artist and teacher intend to convey their viewpoints to people, even influence people and society. However, the intention is stronger in teaching than art. Secondly, art welcomes flexible purposing and emergence, and likewise the excellent teaching doesn't exclude the emergence and flexibility. Thirdly, in both art and teaching, while logical thinking functions to the composition of work, imagination, intuition and associative thinking make work dynamic and amazing. Fourthly, a valuable innovation is to find the appropriate ways to express ideas, but not to just be distinguished from others. To pursue innovation, teachers should usually try and record a wide variety of materials and methods and understand their features as artists do.Artistic teaching demands teachers to keep open-minded, to observe, try and record the things and phenomenon around, to search for possibilities, and to seek the new self.

並列關鍵字

teacher thinking ； teaching as art ； artistic teaching

參考文獻

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