臺灣地區氣候分區與應用之研究

A Study of Delineation and Application of the Climatic Zones in Taiwan

邱祈榮(Chyi-Rong Chiou) ； 梁玉琦(Yu-Chi Liang) ； 賴彥任(Yen-Jen Lai) ； 黃名媛(Ming-Yuan Huang)

《臺灣地理資訊學刊》 1期 (2004/10) Pp. 41-62

https://doi.org/10.29790/JTGIS.200410.0004

摘要

氣候與植群之分布有著相互的影響，氣候分區將有助於我們對於棲地基本特性的瞭解。本研究以氣象局氣象測站與水利處雨量站為基礎資料，用以推估全臺灣十二個月份之月平均氣溫和雨量。月平均氣溫乃採用多元迴歸方式推估；月平均雨量則是由克利金空間推估推得，建立臺灣地區十二個月份月平均氣溫與月平均雨量空間圖層。以崔瓦沙氣候分類系統為準則，建立氣候分區規則庫，並以該規則庫發展出氣候分區之操作介面；配合前述之氣象圖層與臺灣地區數值地形圖，進行臺灣地區氣候分區，得到十二種分區類型。將氣候分區結果，與目前保護區系統進行套疊分析，以交叉分析表建立保護區系統與氣候分區之關係，進而分析目前保護區系統，瞭解保護區系統對於氣候類型的保護狀況。

關鍵字

克利金 ； 崔瓦沙氣候分類系統 ； 套疊分析 ； 保護區系統

並列摘要

Climate and the distribution of vegetation affect each other. Then climatic zoning could help us understand the basic characteristics of habitat. The data used in this paper was gathered from the weather stations at the Central Weather Bureau and Water Resources Agency. Based on this data, the monthly average temperature of Taiwan estimated by a multivariable regression method and a monthly average precipitation were interpolated by the Kriging method. Later, the monthly average temperature and precipitation layers were spatially interpolated. The Trewartha climate classification system was used to develop the decision rules of climatic classification system. On the basis of the decision rules, a computer interface was developed to calculate the climatic zone at the 40×40 meter resolution Taiwan grid. These calculations were resulted in twelve types of climatic zones. To understand the relationship between climatic zones and the protected area system, we overlaid these two layers and generated a cross table. The relationship between climatic zones and the protected area system was analyzed and the protected area system situation was discussed..

並列關鍵字

Kriging ； Trewartha climate classification system ； overlay analysis ； protected area system

參考文獻

吳瑞賢、石棟鑫、楊正潭()。

沈中桴(2000)。臺灣島的植物地理。林業研究專訊。34，13-20。

戚啓勳(1969)。臺灣之山地氣候。臺灣銀行季刊。20(4)，155-207。

許敏楓(1993)。雨量空間變異及站網設計之研究。國立臺灣大學農業工程研究所。

郭文鑠(1980)。臺灣農業氣候區域規劃。中央氣象局。