不同高齡者活動參與類型之休閒效益體驗差異分析

本研究主要以時間日記法的概念實施，目的：一、瞭解高齡者活動參與類型；二、瞭解高齡者休閒效益體驗情形；三、探討高齡者不同活動參與類型對休閒效益體驗之差異。方法：以自編問卷量表對臺南市西港區及新北市板橋區年滿65歲以上之高齡者進行隨機抽樣，並選取398名對象進行調查。結果：高齡者之活動參與類型主要可歸類三群：一、在家視聽娛樂群；二、走路身體活動群；三、廣泛參與群。普遍休閒效益體驗皆達中等以上知覺程度，且以心理效益最高。廣泛參與群之休閒效益體驗顯著高於在家視聽娛樂群與走路身體活動群。結論：應用時間日記法能有效測量高齡者之活動參與情形。高齡者參與休閒活動較注重於心理層面的需求，其可增添生活娛樂、獲得滿足感，以及心靈慰藉。透過廣泛參與的方式，使高齡者能接觸到多元化且不受限制距離的活動，以增進其生理、心理及社交效益。

Keywords

時間日記法；休閒活動；集群分析

Parallel abstracts

The study used the concept of time diaries. Purpose: 1. To understand the elders' activity types. 2. To understand the leisure benefits for elders. 3. To explore the effect for difference activity types to leisure benefits for elders. Method: The study randomly selected participants from the elders who were over 65 years old in Shigang and Banciao in Taiwan. Results: The study applied the cluster analysis to classify recreational patterns into 3 clusters which were: 1. Entertainment at home. 2. Physical activities within walking distance. 3. Extensively participants. Most of all leisure benefit the elders perceived were higher than average, and psychological effect was the highest. The leisure benefits of the cluster of extensively participants were significantly higher than the cluster of entertainment at home and the cluster of walking physical activities. Conclusion: Applying time diaries could effectively measure the activity types of elders. The psychological demand was important for elders. It could help the elders to acquire entertain daily life, increase satisfied, and feel comfort. Through extensively participate, the elders could touch more multicultural and activity without distance.