建構創業經驗與機會確認之關係架構

Constructing the Relational Framework between Entrepreneurial Experience and Opportunities Identification

劉常勇(Chang-Yung Liu) ； 謝如梅(Ru-Mei Hsieh) ； 陳韋廷(Wei-Ting Chen)

《創業管理研究》 2卷3期 (2007/09) Pp. 51-72

https://doi.org/10.30132/JER.200709.0003

摘要

過去研究顯示創業家擁有的各種知識、經驗，對於確認創業機會具有重要影響。因此，Shane（2000）提出先驗知識（prior knowledge）的概念，而Politis（2005）認為創業經驗（entrepreneurial experience）也是一種先驗知識，它的內涵包括：創業起始經驗、管理經驗、以及產業專屬經驗。其中，「創業起始經驗」最為獨特，若非親身體驗創業的艱難與磨練，將很難擁有此項經驗。然而，文獻對於創業經驗如何影響機會確認，仍缺乏足夠的瞭解。因此本文將探索「創業起始經驗」的內涵，以及此項特殊經驗對於機會確認的影響。本研究採用個案訪談方法，實際訪談四位創業家，經由深入分析所蒐集到的資料，將「創業起始經驗」的內涵區分為「持續發掘創業機會、建立利害關係人網絡、建立經驗價值」等三項構面，並提出研究命題來建構創業起始經驗與機會辨識、發展、評估的關係。研究結論認為，創業起始經驗不但有助於機會確認，而且還能鼓勵有志創業者跨出創業第一步。因此建議未來創業教育規劃，也應提供一些能夠協助學生取得創業經驗的活動。

關鍵字

創業經驗 ； 機會確認 ； 先驗知識 ； 創業起始經驗 ； 機會辨識 ； 機會發展與評估

並列摘要

Previous research suggests that entrepreneurs' prior knowledge and experience will influence the identification of entrepreneurial opportunity. Shane (2000) emphasis the relationship between prior knowledge and opportunities, and Politis (2005) pointed that start-up experience, management experience, and industry-specific experience are three key elements of entrepreneurial experience. However, the details of entrepreneurs gain from doing their new venture are still lacking. In particular, ＂start up experience＂ is the most valuable and distinctive experience. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is exploring the content of ＂start up experience＂, and provides a deeper understanding of the identification of opportunities. Through in-depth case studies of four entrepreneurs who have been creating a new venture, we show three activities of ＂start up experience＂ are: continuing to discover opportunities, developing the stakeholders' networks, and building the value of experience. Base on the arguments in the article, three propositions were developed. Finally, theoretical and practical implications were discussed.

並列關鍵字

Entrepreneurial Experience ； Opportunity Identification ； Start-up Experience ； Opportunity Recognition ； Opportunity Development and Evaluation