本研究旨在實際瞭解臺灣北部地區街道塵坋土特性,其主要是以臺灣北部五個縣市各選定5條代表性道路進行街道塵坋土採樣,其次以桃園縣為代表執行每月份30條道路街道塵坋土採樣,最後於基隆市進行25條道路之洗街車洗掃效率評估。街道塵坋土採樣依照U. S. EPA AP-42 鋪面道路街塵之採樣方法執行,再依ASTM-C136標準篩分法得到各粒徑之塵土量,由討論街道塵坋土與影響因子相關係,並探討洗街作業的街道塵坋土荷重削減成效,最後針對街道塵坋土管制措施提出建議。 經研究結果可以得知各縣市之街塵(所有粒徑塵土)荷重為0.467 ~ 6.099 g/m2,坋土負荷為0.028 ~ 0.693 g/m2,各粒徑重量百分比為,坋土(<75 μm)佔8.3 ± 1.9%、粒徑在75 ~ 300 μm者佔26.3 ± 1.7%、粒徑在300 ~ 850 μm者佔22.8 ± 6.7%、粒徑在850 μm以上者佔42.5 ± 4.9%。從桃園縣每月之平均街塵荷重值與平均坋土荷重值來討論,鄉/市道路之每月平均街塵荷重變異性較小,街塵荷重值為2.892±0.786 g/m2,縣道之每月平均街塵荷重值為3.621±0.897 g/m2,省道之每月平均街塵荷重變異性較大,街塵荷重值為3.787±1.179 g/m2,以坋土荷重方面進行比較,省道之坋土荷重值為0.421±0.143 g/m2,縣道之坋土荷重值為0.457±0.133 g/m2,鄉/市道之坋土荷重值為0.383±0.132 g/m2。洗街作業成效結果顯示粒徑>300 μm之去除效率為67.9 %、粒徑介於75~300 μm之去除效率為55.9 %、粒徑<75 μm之去除效率為60.0 %。
Understanding the characteristic of street dust in Northern Taiwan Area by three strategies. Firstly, collecting five county street dust samples in Northern Taiwan. Secondly, selecting 30 roads and collecting the street dust samples in Taoyuan County. Lastly, evaluating the efficiency of street sweeping in Keelung City. The collection of street dust samples according to U. S. EPA AP-42 Procedures.There are based on a review of American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) methods C-136. The amount of street dust loading are between 0.467 to 6.099 g/m2. The size of weight dust size is 8.3 ± 1.9 wt% with <75 μm, dust size is 26.3 ± 1.7 wt% with 75 ~ 300 μm, dust size is 22.8 ± 6.7 wt% with 300 ~ 850 μm and dust size is 42.5 ± 4.9 wt% with >850 μm.