感恩與分手後成長之關聯性：自我遠離反思的調節效果

The Relationship between Gratitude and Growth after Breaking up:The Moderating Effect of Self-distancing Reflection

魏敬嶸(Ching-Jung Wei)

指導教授 ： 李怡真

中原大學/理學院/心理學研究所/碩士(2016年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu201600344

摘要

研究背景與目的：分手事件對個人屬一失落經驗，不僅對心理及人際關係有負面影響，如能轉化此經驗並發現益處，也能促成正向成長。過去研究多支持感恩的正向情緒特性與壓力因應之關聯性，但對於分手失落復原的效果，目前的研究證據尚且不足。而自我遠離反思對個體經歷負向事件亦具有情緒調適之作用，且有助於經驗重建或賦予意義。如感恩者在反思分手事件時，能以自我遠離反思之傾向思考，可能更有助於走出失落經驗，進而發現益處及成長。因此，本研究視自我遠離反思為一重要的調節變項，且研究旨在探討具有分手經驗之年輕成人，其自我遠離反思對感恩特質與分手後成長(自我成長、無益處、關係成長、愛情成長)之調節效果。

研究方法：本研究採橫斷研究設計，蒐集18歲至30歲有分手經驗之年輕成人，共計112名，依序填寫基本資料表、大學生感恩心量表，並書寫有關最近一次的分手經驗後，再填答自我遠離反思題項、分手後成長量表。

研究結果：以相關分析、階層迴歸分析進行資料分析，發現：(1)相關分析結果顯示，感恩特質與分手後成長之間具有顯著關聯性。(2)調節效果檢驗中，自我遠離反思可調節感恩與分手後成長(關係成長、愛情成長)之間的關聯性，且高感恩特質與高自我遠離反思會有最佳的關係成長與愛情成長，但低感恩特質與高自我遠離反思的組合，在關係成長與愛情成長的程度最低。

結論： 本研究支持感恩特質對分手後成長確實具有重要影響，且感恩特質者如擁有自我遠離反思之傾向，更有助於從分手失落中發現益處並成長，以上結果可作為協助分手失落調適與經驗成長之重要參考。

關鍵字

感恩 ； 自我遠離反思 ； 分手後成長

並列摘要

Background and purpose: Breaking up is a personal experience of loss, which was shown to have a negative impact on mental health and interpersonal relationship. However, a breakup experience may also promote positive personal growth if one could feel grateful for the experience. Since there is still a lack of research investigating the relationship between gratitude and personal growth after breaking up, the first aim of the research is to investigate the relationship between the two. In addition, previous research has shown that self-distancing on a negative event also has positive effect on emotional adjustment. We accordingly hypothesized that if a grateful person who tend to reflect on one’s breakup experiences in a self-distancing way, which may help him / her go through the experience of loss more easily, and benefit more from personal growth. Thus, the second purpose of the present study is to examine whether self-distancing can moderate the relationship between gratitude and personal growth after a relationship breakup.

Methods: The study adopts a cross-sectional design. 112 adults between the ages of 18 to 30 who have experienced a breakup before were recruited from the internet. The participants are required to fill in the questionnaires including Inventory of Undergraduates’ Gratitude (IUG) and the benefit-finding subscale of the Finding-Meaning Questionnaire. They were also asked to share their recent experience of breakup and evaluate the extent to which they reflect on the breakup experiences in a self-distancing way.

Results: The results showed that gratidue was positively correlated with growth after breaking up. In addition, results of regression analysis also showed that self-distancing moderates the relationship between gratitude and growth after a breakup. Furthermore, people with higher gratitude who accompany with higher self-distancing will have the highest growth after braking up.

Conclusion: The present study demonstrated that gratitude personality plays a critical role in personal or interpersonal growth after ending a romantic relationship. Besides, those with gratitude traits who also have the tendency of self-distancing would more likely to benefit from the loss after breaking up.

並列關鍵字

gratitude ； self-distancing ； growth after breaking up

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