台灣河川底泥及魚體中持久性有機污染物的鑑定及檢測

Determination of Persistent Organic Pollutants in Fish and Sediment from Rivers in Taiwan

彭瑞華(Peng-Jui Hwa)

指導教授 ： 葉華光

中原大學/理學院/化學研究所/博士(2011年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu201100768

摘要

台灣8條河川及出海口共計59件生物體及54件底泥樣品之戴奧辛、呋喃、戴奧辛類多氯聯苯及多溴二苯醚被鑑定及檢測，本研究使用高解析度氣相層析質譜儀進行7項戴奧辛、10項呋喃、12項戴奧辛類多氯聯苯及24項多溴二苯醚待測物之分析，並以世界衛生組織之毒性當量因子(World Health Organization Toxic Equivalent Factor, WHO-TEF)計算樣品毒性當量濃度。生物體樣品戴奧辛及戴奧辛類多氯聯苯毒性當量濃度分布依序為0.024 ~ 1.02 pg WHO-TEQ/g wet weight (ww) (或1.71 ~ 48.2 pg WHO-TEQ/g lipid wt.) 及 0.023 ~ 14.1 pg WHO-TEQ/g ww (或2.72 ~ 488 pg WHO-TEQ/g lipid wt.)，多溴二苯醚濃度介於0.284 ~ 38.2 ng/g ww間 (或12.1 ~ 380 ng/g lipid wt)，且最主要待測物依序為BDE-47＞BDE-154＞BDE-100 ~ BDE-99＞BDE-153＞BDE-183。生物體樣品戴奧辛及多溴二苯醚濃度最高的河川為二仁溪，戴奧辛類多氯聯苯濃度最高的河川為大漢溪。底泥樣品戴奧辛及戴奧辛類多氯聯苯毒性當量濃度分布依序為0.234 ~ 21.6 ng WHO-TEQ/kg dry weight (dw) (平均值3.46 ng WHO-TEQ/kg dw) 及 0.015 ~ 3.85 ng WHO-TEQ/kg dw (平均值0.736 ng WHO-TEQ/kg dw)，多溴二苯醚濃度介於1.12 ~ 350 ng/g dw (平均值51.4 ng/g dw)，對大部分底泥樣品而言BDE-209是24項多溴二苯醚中最主要待測物，底泥樣品戴奧辛、戴奧辛類多氯聯苯及多溴二苯醚濃度最高的河川為依序為二仁溪、大漢溪及後勁溪。

關鍵字

高解析度氣相層析質譜儀 ； 戴奧辛類多氯聯苯 ； 生物體 ； 底泥 ； 戴奧辛/呋喃 ； 多溴二苯醚

並列摘要

The concentrations of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin (PCDDs), polychlorinated dibenzofuran (PCDFs), dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (DLPCBs), and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) were measured in fifty nine fish and fifty four sediment samples collected from rivers and estuaries in Taiwan. Determination of 17 PCDD/F, 12 DLPCB and 24 PBDE congeners was carried out using HRGC/HRMS. For all fish samples, the concentration range for PCDDs/PCDFs and DLPCBs World Health Organization Toxic Equivalent Factor (WHO-TEF) were 0.024 ~ 1.02 pg WHO-TEQ/g wet weight.（ww） (1.71 ~ 48.2 pg WHO-TEQ/g lipid wt.) and 0.023 ~ 14.1 pg WHO-TEQ/g ww. (2.72 ~ 488 pg WHO-TEQ/g lipid wt.) respectively. The concentration range for PBDEs were 0.284 ~ 38.2 ng/g ww. (12.1 ~ 380 ng/g lipid wt.), with BDE-47＞BDE-154＞BDE-100 ~ BDE-99＞BDE-153＞BDE-183. The highest concentrations of both PCDDs/PCDFs and PBDEs were found in the highly pollution area of Erren river and the highest concentrations of DLPCBs was found in Dahan river.The WHO-TEQ concentration range for PCDD/Fs and DLPCBs were 0.234 ~ 21.6 ng WHO-TEQ/kg dry weight (dw), (mean: 3.46 ng WHO-TEQ/kg dw) and 0.015 ~ 3.85 ng WHO-TEQ/kg dw (mean: 0.736 ng WHO-TEQ/kg dw), respectively. The concentration range for PBDEs was 1.12 ~ 350 ng/g dw (mean: 51.4 ng/g dw). At most sites, BDE-209 contributed the highest proportion to the Σ24PBDE concentrations, except for one site with an elevated concentration of BDE-183. The highest concentrations of PCDD/Fs, DLPCBs, and PBDEs were found in Erren River, Dahan River, and Houjin Creek.

並列關鍵字

polybrominated diphenyl ethers ； fish ； polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin ； sediment ； dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls ； HRGC/HRMS ； polychlorinated dibenzofuran

參考文獻

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