龍門型加工機之機構設計與研究

The Study of Mechanical Structure for Double Column Machining Center

李懿珅(Yi-Shen Li)

指導教授 ： 許坤明

共同指導教授 ： 蘇親儒(Chin-Ru Su)

國立虎尾科技大學/工程學院/機械與電腦輔助工程系碩士班/碩士(2013年)

https://doi.org/10.6827/NFU.2013.00145

摘要

龍門型工具機在目前大型金屬加工產業與半導體加工產業中為大宗，市面上加工機也相對較大，所以鮮少將龍門型加工機運用於食品加工業當中，食品加工業在台灣也相當的多。以蛋糕為例，在台灣的廠商，目前使用在切蛋糕的機台大多以超音波、帶鋸式或是自己拿塑膠刀切蛋糕者為大宗，但大多切割出來的蛋糕外型也較為單調，在自己動手切或是利用帶鋸式切出來的蛋糕表面則相對有崩裂的情形發生，若利用超音波則切面較為完整，但形狀也較少變化。
本論文主要研究研究龍門型加工機的三軸向加工法配合旋轉軸的方式應用於食品加工業中，並縮小其加工機大小，首先針對線性軸與旋轉軸的路徑作計算推導，依照推導的方式設計其傳動機構與計算並配合時規皮帶輪之選用與安裝。當機台設計與安裝之後，機台作動時會產生振動的問題，對此將三軸作多次單軸向的往復運動，並使用頻譜分析儀與加速度規的組合，進行單軸向的振動頻率測試，測量機台的振動是否影響機台的作動，又因機台做動時產生的振動是否會造成馬達的熱問題，故針對馬達表面進行溫度的熱變化測量，進階討論其馬達溫度對龍門型加工機的影響。
在機台上使用田口方法與有限元素法的方式來設計機台傳動機構，並且從頻譜分析儀上所呈現的振動頻率觀察其振動型態，並利用紅外線感溫器對馬達進行熱偵測，以達到機台優化結果。

關鍵字

龍門型加工機 ； 頻譜分析 ； 熱問題 ； 田口方法 ； 有限元素分析

並列摘要

Gantry-type machine tools dominate the current large-scale metal and semiconductor processing industries. Because of their relatively large size, commercially available gantry-type machine tools are seldom used in the food processing industry, which is prevalent in Taiwan. For example, the majority of Taiwanese companies currently use ultrasonic machines, band saws, or plastic knives to cut cakes, resulting in monotonous cake appearances. Moreover, cakes are susceptible to surface collapses as a result of manual or band saw cutting; by contrast, ultrasonic cutting may produce smooth cuts, but lack diversity regarding shape.
This study investigates the application of the gantry-type machine tool three-axis processing method and the rotation axis technique in the food processing industry, Furthermore, the size of machine tools was reduced. First, the paths of the linear and rotation axes were calculated and derived, based on which the transmission mechanism was designed, followed by calculations to facilitate the selection and installation of timing pulleys. Considering the vibrations generated from the actuation of machine tools after the design and installation, each of the three axes was set in repeated uniaxial motion, and a spectrum analyzer was used in combination with an accelerometer to perform uniaxial vibration frequency tests, measuring whether the machine tool vibration affected the actuation of the machine. Moreover, to determine whether the machine actuation-derived vibrations caused thermal problems in the motor, the thermal fluctuation on the surface of the motor was measured, and these measurements were used to explore the effect of motor temperature on gantry-type machine tools.
The Taguchi method and finite element analysis were employed on the machine tools to design the machine transmission mechanism. The vibration frequencies displayed on the spectrum analyzer were used to observe the vibration patterns, and infrared thermal sensors were employed for detecting motor heat, to achieve optimized results.

並列關鍵字

gantry-type machine tool ； path derivation ； spectrum analysis ； Taguchi method ； thermal problems ； finite element analysis

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