十三種蕨類植物於不同光照強度下二氧化碳移除及 釋氧能力分析

Carbon Dioxide Removed and Oxygen Released Capacity of Thirteen Ferns under Different Light Intensity

廖建雄(Liao Jian-Xiong))

指導教授 ： 謝清祥

國立屏東科技大學/農學院/農園生產系所/碩士(2014年)

https://doi.org/10.6346/NPUST.2014.00225

摘要

現今生活，人們長期處於室內，容易導致CO2濃過高，而植栽常被用來改善室內空氣品質。本試驗選擇13種不同蕨類，於密閉壓克力箱，在光度30及50 µmol m-2 s-1下，測量其二氧化碳(CO2)移除及釋氧(O2)能力。另外測試3種不同栽培介質及一混合介質，是否影響植物生態箱內CO2濃度。然後，挑選5種移除CO2能力較佳之蕨類及不影響箱內CO2濃度之介質，組合成植物生態箱，並測量不同葉面積植生量:全量(22129cm2)、1/2量(11064.5cm2)及1/4量(5532.25cm2)，置於密閉及50 µmol m-2 s-1光強度下之 CO2移除及釋O2能力及開放
試驗結果顯示:各蕨類植物給予兩不同光照處理後8小時，各蕨類植物間CO2移除量與光照強度間達顯著差異(χ2-test,p<0.05)，在50 µmol m-2 s-1光照下之蕨類效果較佳，其CO2移除能力以海岸擬茀蕨(921.8ppm)、波士頓腎蕨(656ppm)、細葉腎蕨(553.8ppm)較佳;雖然各蕨類間O2無顯著差異但壓克力箱內之O2仍有提升，以銀脈鳳尾(23.45％)使壓克力箱內O2上升最多，其次為山蘇（22.42％）、美人蕨（22.16％），各蕨類O2/CO2比值差異明顯。而30 µmol m-2 s-1光照下，除鹿角蕨、黃脈鳳尾、鐵線蕨外，其餘蕨類因光強度不足，導致光合效率下降，CO2移除能力下降。
於密閉生態箱中，不同介質是否影響箱內CO2濃度試驗，結果顯示:放置水苔、泥炭土及泥炭土+珍珠石之密閉生態缸，CO2濃度皆呈明顯上
升，分別上升2495.6ppm、2204.4ppm、1599.1。而發泡煉石放入經24小時後，僅呈現些稍微下降。
三種不同植生量於密閉植物生態箱內試驗結果，於光照後9個小時，全量下CO2移除量從72.2ppm下降至-211.6ppm，而1/2量及1/4量CO2移除量分別從11.8及85.1ppm上升至112.5及227.8ppm。O2釋放結果:全量下，O2濃度從21.52％上升至21.71％，而半量及1/4量，分別從21.37％及21.42％上升至21.74％及21.81％。在全量及1/2量下，移除CO2及釋放O2效果並沒有比1/4量下來的佳。
室內擺放頂部開放生態箱(試驗組及對照組)周圍50公及100公分之CO2 濃度均無明顯差異。而100公分處，在試驗組1/2量及1/4量的擺設下，白天時CO2濃度皆有比全量擺設下來低，但在進入夜間時，並無明顯差異。
13種不同單株蕨類植物及組合後之植物生態箱皆可用來改善空間內CO2及O2之濃度，但需注意給予適合之光照來達致其光和效率。

關鍵字

蕨類 ； CO2移除能力 ； 氧氣濃度 ； 植物生態箱 ； 介質

並列摘要

Nowadays, people stays long time in the room daily, and it is easy to cause high rise of CO2 concentration. Thus, plants are often being used to improve indoor air quality. Thirteen different ferns were used as experimental materials to measure CO2 removed capacity and O2 released concentration in airtight acryl box. In addition, three different media and a mixed medium, were tested to see any impact of CO2 concentration inside plant ecological box. A combination of five selected ferns and expanded clay medium were used in plant ecology box with calculated full-vegetation (22129cm2), 1/2 (11064.5cm2) and 1/4 volume (5532.25cm2) as treatments placed under 50 μmol m-2 s-1 light intensity to monitor their CO2 removed capacity and O2 released concentration both under open and closed condition.
Results of thirteen ferns test showed that: after eight hours under two different light intensities, a significant difference of CO2 removed capacity among ferns and light factor(χ2-test, p <0.05) was detected. The better performers to remove CO2 inculde: Microsorium scolopendrium (Burm.) Copel.(921.8ppm), Nephrolepis exaltata Schott (656ppm), Nephrolepis exaltata crispa (553.8ppm). No significant differences on O2 release among ferns were detected. However, an upgraded trend was found on Pteris ensiformis Burmann (23.45%), followed by Asplenium nidus (22.42%), Blechnum gibbum (Labill.) Mett. (22.16%).Significant differences of O2/CO2 ration were also detected among ferns. While under 30 μmol m-2 s-1 light, ferns other than staghound fern, Petri yellow vein and maidenhair fern, due to insufficient light intensity, showed a decrease of photosynthetic efficiency.
In the medium test of CO2 concentration inside closed ecological showed: sphagnum moss, peat and peat + polite caused the rise of, CO2 concentrations :2495.6ppm, 2204.4ppm, 1599.1 respectively. While expanded clay showed a slight decline from 671.3 to 596.3ppm after twenty four hours.
Experiment of three different vegetation quantity in a closed ecological box showed that nine hours after exposure, the CO2 removed capacity of full vegetation treatment declined from 72.2ppm to-211.6ppm, and 1/2 and 1/4 treatment showed constant rising, from 11.8ppm to 85.1ppm and 112.5ppm to 227.8ppm. On O2 released, the full vegetation treatment showed, O2 concentration increased from 21.52% to 21.71%, while 1/2 and 1/4 treatments rosed from 21.37% to 21.74% and 21.42% to 21.81% respectively.
The CO2 remove capacity of both open-top plant ecology box (experimental and check group) showed no significance of CO2 concentration changes at 50 and 100 cm outside the box. The CO2 concentration at 100cm outside box of 1 / 2 and 1/4 vegetation treatments were lower than the full treatment.

並列關鍵字

Fern ； CO2 removed capacity ； O2 concentration ； Plant Ecology Box ； Substrate

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