蘭陽平原先住民聚落分布之地理研究

A Geographic Study on the Distribution of Aboriginal People Settlements in Lan-Yang Plain

葉柏舜(Po-Shun Yeh) ； 鄧國雄

《市師社教學報》 2期 (2003/12) Pp. 21-56

https://doi.org/10.7035/JSE.200312.0021

摘要

蘭陽平原的形成與變遷主要受到地盤沉陷、海水面變動與河川沖積等因素所影響。地形的變遷也同時影響了先住民聚落的分布以及生活型態。3000年前海水面的上升，使當時的海岸線約上升到5公尺，溪北地區的新城系統的聚落因而被海水所淹沒。海平面在2200年前下降到最低點之後，1800年前再出現一次高峰，海岸線入侵至今日約3公尺等高線處。反覆的海侵，迫使武荖坑系統放棄海岸資源，選擇以燒墾的方式居住在平原較高處。1800年前以後，海平面逐漸降至今日的位置，且趨於穩定，於是普洛灣類型與舊社類型的聚落進入低漥的平原地帶定居。舊社類型與噶瑪蘭族聚落位址的選擇不再受到海侵的影響，轉以河系分布作為考量的因素。

關鍵字

史前遺址 ； 地形環境 ； 蘭陽平原 ； 噶瑪蘭

並列摘要

The forming and changing of Lan-Yang Plain was affected by the tectonic sinking, fluctuation of sea level, and alluvial process. At the same time the changing of terrain reformed the distribution and the lifestyle of aboriginal people settlements. At 3100 years ago, sea level moved approximately up to 5 meters hight that resulted the settlements of Xin-Cheng system located in the northern area of Lan-Yang river being flooded. Around 2200 years ago the sea level lower down to the lowest, and another high peak of sea level occurred again moved approximately up to 3 meters hight at 1800 years ago. The persistent sea invasion pressed Wu-Lao-Keng tribe gave up the resources of seacoast and chosed burned-cultivation instead and took up their residence in the higher area of plain. From 1800 years ago, Sea level gradually lower down to the present position and stayed stable which enable the settlements of Pu-Luo-Wan type and Jiu-She type settled at lower plain. By that time the choices of settlements for Jiu-She type and Kavalan were influenced by river system but not sea invasion.

並列關鍵字

prehistoric sites ； geomorphological environment ； Lan-Yang plain ； Kavalan