不同反應形式與刺激－反應相容性對桌球接發球之反應時間和動作時間的影響

本研究目的乃透過桌球「真實運動情境」設計，探討接發球者以感覺形式和動作形式來接左右方向發球時反應時間和動作時間之差異情形。先進行「預備性研究」，以挑選「實證性研究」的發球示範者。在「實證性研究」中，實驗參與者為國立屏東教育大學體育系正在修習桌球課程之男生30人，使用慣用右手重覆接受反應形式與刺激－反應相容性下反應時間和動作時間試做，包括：2（不同反應形式：感覺形式、動作形式）×2（有無相容性：發球方向右、發球方向左）×5（不同反應形式與有無相容性下呈現次數）＝20次。蒐集所有實驗數據後，進行重複量數二因子變異數分析考驗，以驗證其差異性。經討論研究結果後，所得的結論如下：一、不同反應形式與有無相容性兩者對反應時間(RT)影響有交互作用存在。「在發球方向右」和「在發球方向左」情境中，實驗參與者以感覺形式接發球所產生的RT皆快於以動作形式接發球所產生的RT；「在感覺形式」和「在動作形式」情境中，實驗參與者處理發球方向右的RT皆快於處理發球方向左的RT。二、不同反應形式與有無相容性兩者對動作時間(MT)影響無交互作用存在。面對左邊和右邊發球，實驗參與者以動作形式接發球所產生的MT皆快於以感覺形式接發球所產生的MT；無論是以感覺形式或動作形式來接發球，實驗參與者處理發球方向右的MT和處理發球方向左的MT沒有差別。

關鍵字

反應形式；刺激－反應相容性；反應時間；動作時間

並列摘要

The main idea of the research is to take the ”real sport” as the measure to figure out the different reaction time (RT) and movement time (MT) of returning serve for the table tennis player while using sensory set or motor set to catch the serving ball from left side or right side. Do the ”pilot study” first to select a ball server of the ”practical research”. The participants of the ”practical research” are 30 male physical education major students of National PingTung University of Education who are practicing and studying the table tennis. The right-handed participants will repeatedly accept trials of the RT and MT under response sets and stimulus-response compatibility, including: 2 (response sets: sensory set or motor set) x 2 (stimulus-response compatibility: ball serving directions (right or left)) x 5 (the presenting times under response sets and stimulus-response compatibility)=20. After the statistics of the study is obtained, two-way ANOVA repeated measures will be examined. After discussing the outcomes of the study, the conclusions are as follow: 1. The interaction does exist between the influence of response sets and stimulus-response compatibility on the RT. In the circumstance of ball serving directions (right and left), the RT of the participants using sensory set to catch the ball is faster than the RT of the ones using motor set. In the circumstance of sensory set and motor set, the RT of the participants dealing with the ball coming from the right side is faster than the RT of the ones dealing with the ball coming from the left side. 2. The interaction doesn't exist between the influence of response sets and stimulus-response compatibility on the MT. When the participants are dealing with the ball coming from left side and right side, the MT of the participants using motor set to catch the ball is faster than the MT of the ones using sensory set. No matter which way the participants choose to catch the ball (sensory set or motor set), there is no difference between the MT of the participants dealing with the ball coming from the right side and the MT of the ones dealing with the ball coming from the left side.