公務航空機構成員對組織安全文化認知之探討

Preliminary Study on Employees' Cognition on Safety Culture on Governmental Organizations

劉紹宇(S. Y. Liu) ； 張哲強(J. C. Chang)

《危機管理學刊》 10卷1期 (2013/03) Pp. 9-20

https://doi.org/10.6459/JCM.201303_10(1).0002

摘要

本研究旨在探討公務飛航組織所實行之飛安管理制度，是否能與現行國際的安全管理系統SMS接軌，有效地將飛安管理融入組織管理體系之評估模式，塑造更優質飛航文化的核心價值觀，以確保飛航安全進而提升和促進組織的運作。研究對象為台灣公務飛航機關所屬人員，使用的研究方法包括文獻分析法和問卷調查法進行分析，有效預試問卷計有82份，利用項目分析、因素分析及Cronbach's α信度等方法進行量表之題項信、效度檢驗。分析量表資料後，獲得四個因素構面，共19個題項，其因素負荷量皆大於0.5以上，總解釋變異量達55.679%，顯示具有不錯的收斂效度；在信度方面，總量表Cronbach's α係數為0.903係數皆在0.6以上，綜合以上顯示本研究量表具有相當良好的信效度。敘述性分析得知四項組織文化的得分均介於普通與不同意之間，（安全回報文化= 2.46，安全通告文化= 2.41，安全公正文化= 2.45以及安全學習與融入文化= 2.34），顯示組織成員認為組織的安全文化，仍有極大的改進空間。

關鍵字

安全管理體系 ； 安全文化 ； 飛行員主動回報系統

並列摘要

Current study is to investigate the employees' cognition on safety cultures of aviation organizations of Taiwan Government, to discover the differences on current organizational safety management status from safety management system (SMS) that has been well operating for ICAO's state members, and, hopefully, to provide a keen suggestion that helps accommodate or transit current aviation management environment to meet international requirements for SMS. SMS has been implemented by many non-governmental organizations such as ICAO, IATA and international airlines for its effectiveness in reduction of aviation accidents; however, a well-established safety culture embedded in organization is the core value for an excellence performance in flight safety promotions. For governmental aviation organizations in Taiwan, current study investigates the cognition on safety culture of employees through questionnaires with 91% validation (82/90 returned questionnaires). Using principal component analysis, four factors containing 19 items are extracted from original 21 items. The Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin Measure of Sampling Adequacy (KMO) index of 0.815 and 4 factors accounting for 55.679% of the explained variance indicate that the collected data has an inter-correlated, common factor. With the purpose for maximum reliability of the scores, a commonly recognized indicator- the Cronbach. coefficient is analyzed and the onerall. coefficient is 0.903, and each sub-dimension exceeds 0.6 which stand for the consistency of questionnaire in reliability test. The summary of description analysis indicates that the organizational safety environment needs further cultivated and improved because the average scores in four safety cultures from respondents are apt to disagree that their organization has safe culture embedded in operating system. (Safety reporting culture= 2.46, safety informed culture= 2.41, safety just culture = 2.45, and safety learning/adaptive culture = 2.34).

並列關鍵字

Safety Management System ； Safety Cultures ； Pilot Reporting System

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