國民小學兼任行政工作教師的角色壓力調適 —以桃園縣一所國小為例

A Study on Role Stress and Adaptation of Teachers with Administrative Positions in an Elementary School of Tao-Yuan County

呂映嫺(Ying-Hsien Lu)

指導教授 ： 簡玉敏

中原大學/人文與教育學院/教育研究所/碩士(2010年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu201000181

摘要

本研究藉由個案實例探討，以桃園縣一所小型學校的兼任行政工作教師為研究參與者，透過深度訪談、參與觀察、與反省日誌，了解國民小學兼任行政工作教師的角色扮演情形，探討兼任行政工作教師所面臨的角色壓力，並進一步分析歸納其所使用的調適策略。最後，根據文獻探討與研究結果，加以分析與歸納，並作成以下之結論。
一、國民小學兼任行政工作教師的角色扮演是多元的，包含導師與行政人員的角色。其中行政人員角色會因為個別學校的特色，而發展出特殊的行政角色。
二、國民小學兼任行政工作教師面臨角色衝突、角色模糊、角色過度負荷與角色專業能力不足四種角色壓力。
三、國民小學兼任行政工作教師所面臨的角色過度負荷、角色衝突、角色模糊三者會相互影響，彼此間也存在著循環關係。
四、國民小學兼任行政工作教師在進行角色壓力調適時，大多持正向態度。
五、國民小學兼任行政工作教師的角色壓力調適方法是多樣的，包含自我調適、他人協助及組織調節三種調適面向。
根據以上結論，本研究建議個案學校兼任行政工作教師平時應多累積行政經驗，以減輕面臨的角色壓力；遇到問題時多溝通協調，尋求同事幫忙，並善用多種調適方式來減輕角色壓力。對個案學校及其他背景相似的小型學校而言，建議可依教師的專長來分配兼任的行政職務，建立良好的行政傳承制度並建立工作分層負責明細表，以減輕教師的角色模糊。對未來研究建議可選擇班級數不同的小型學校、不同規模的學校或發展不同特色課程的學校來進行研究。

關鍵字

國民小學 ； 兼任行政工作教師 ； 角色壓力 ； 角色壓力調適

並列摘要

This research chose six classroom teachers with administrative positions in an small-scaled elementary school and used the methods of in-depth interview, participatory observations, and reflection journals to understand what roles of the teachers with administrative positions have, what role stress they encounter, and what adjustment strategies they use in the elementary school.
Based on the literature review and research findings, some conclusions are made as follows:
1.The roles of teachers with administrative positions in an elementary school are multiple, incluing instructor and administrator. Besides, due to the characteristics of individual schools, they will develop their special administrative roles.
2.Teachers with administrative positions in an elementary school have role stress, including role conflict, role ambiguity, role overload and role professional competency deficiency.
3.The role overload, role conflict and role ambiguity that teachers with administrative position have could affect each other. Besides, there is also a circulative relationship among three of them.
4.Teachers with administrative positions in an elementary school usually have positive attitude to role stress and adaptation.
5.The adjustment strategies of teachers with administrative positions in an elementary school are multiple, including self-adjustment, others’ assistance and organizations’ modulation.
According to the conclusions mentioned above, there are some suggestions. For the teachers with administrative positions in the case school, they should communicate with others and ask for help when having problems, accumulate much more administrative experience and make good use of other ways to reduce role stress. For the case school and other schools with similar background, they should take teachers’ professional specialty into consider when assigning administrative work, establish good administrative inheritance system and work distribution list to alleviate teachers’ burden. For future studies, they could choose different class numbers of small-scaled schools, different types of schools or different schools with their special curriculum to process study.

並列關鍵字

elementary school ； role stress ； teachers with administrative positions ； role stress and adaptation

參考文獻

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