自動駕駛車對號誌化路口績效影響之交通流量模擬分析

Simulation and Analysis of Traffic Flow and the Influence of Automated Vehicles on Performance of Signalized Intersections

林亦琴(Mary Chanille Teaño)

指導教授 ： 林耘竹

中原大學/工學院/土木工程研究所/碩士(2021年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu202100153

摘要

儘管目前有相當多關於自動駕駛車輛對高速公路系統影響的研究，但是對於自動駕駛車輛如何影響號誌化路口交通的影響則是相對較少。為了探究此一議題，本研究利用微觀車流模擬軟體PTV Vissim進行車流模擬分析，探討謹慎型、標準型或積極型自動駕駛車輛對號誌化路口之影響，以位於台灣桃園市的一個十字號誌化交岔路口及一個T型號誌化交岔路口為例進行個案研析。首先，本研究使用百分比差異法及GEH (Geoffrey E. Havers) 統計工具校準此車流模擬模型，再利用此車流模擬模型分析各種交通情境服務績效。共採用平均停止延滯，平均等候列長度和平均旅行時間等三個績效評估指標。根據本研究之模擬分析結果得知，在輕度和重度混合車流的交通情況下，謹慎型自動化車輛對市區號誌化路口的影響都是負面的。必須配合實施自動駕駛車輛專用車道時，三個績效評估指標方有所改善。但是當車輛的自動化水平達到標準型或積極型時，此類自動駕駛車輛取代部份的人類駕駛員操作車輛，的確有助於改善號誌化路口服務品質。

關鍵字

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並列摘要

Despite the abundance of research about AVs’ influence on highway systems, little is known about how AVs will affect signalized intersections traffic. To address this gap, a simulation of two types of intersections: a four-legged intersection and a T-intersection, located in Taoyuan City, Taiwan, were modeled and simulated in PTV Vissim. The percentage difference method and GEH (Geoffrey E. Havers) statistic tool were used to calibrate the simulation models. Three metrics, average stopped delay, average queue length, and average travel time was adopted as performance indicators. When vehicles’ automation level is only at “AV Cautious,” the impacts on traffic flows under both light, and heavily mixed traffic situations are negative. However, when exclusive lanes for AVs are implemented specifically under light traffic conditions, all metrics are improved. Finally, when vehicles’ automation levels reached “AV Normal” and “AV Aggressive,” a significant improvement in traffic flows is achieved.

並列關鍵字

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參考文獻

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