電鍍工廠廢水之生物與化學毒性分析之相關性

Correlation between Bioassay and Chemical Analysis for Electroplating Factory Wastewater

吳惟楷(Wei-kai Wu)

指導教授 ： 王順成

朝陽科技大學/理工學院/環境工程與管理系/碩士(2014年)

摘要

本研究利用Microtox生物毒性試驗與靜水式鯉魚毒性測試法，檢測單一重金屬及複合重金屬之毒性，並進行複合重金屬之共同毒性係數分析，以了解複合重金屬之協力作用(Synergism effect)、加成作用(Addition effect)或拮抗作用(Antagonism effect) 之毒性相互關係。本研究結果：以費希爾弧菌(Micrtox方法)測試之單一重金屬毒性排序為Hg > Cu > Zn > Pb > Cd > Ni > Cr，其中Hg毒性最高，EC50值為0.13 mg/L；Cr毒性最低，EC50值為59.33 mg/L；以鯉魚生物測試之單一重金屬毒性排序為Cd > Hg > Cu > Zn > Ni > Pb > Cr，其中Cd毒性最高，LC50值為0.13 mg/L；Cr毒性最低，LC50值為12.31 mg/L。複合重金屬以電鍍A工廠之放流水混合金屬液毒性最高，EC50值為7.57 mg/L，共同毒性係數為9.31。如與其他B, C電鍍工廠放流水混合金屬液毒性比較，其混合金屬毒性作用相同，均屬拮抗作用。所有電鍍工廠廢水經處理後以化學法分析其重金屬濃度，其部分重金屬濃度尚未達放流水標準。A、C工廠放流水中Cu濃度為14.12及14.13 mg/L；A工廠Zn濃度為11.60 mg/L。電鍍工廠Microtox之TUa與水質項目COD之間相關性低，A、B、C三間電鍍工廠Microtox之TUa值與水質項目COD之相關係數R2分別為0.771、0.3、0.962。本研究結果顯示所有生物毒性試驗均可用於於快速篩選水質之預警依據，且兩種測試生物對重金屬毒性敏感趨勢相同，唯Microtox生物毒性試驗檢測時間較短，適合用於電鍍廢水作為放流水快速篩選，靜水式鯉魚試驗可則作為長期毒性預警依據。

關鍵字

重金屬 ； Microtox ； 費希爾弧菌 ； 共同毒性係數

並列摘要

We used Microtox test of bacferia (Vibrio fischeri) and hydrostatic test of Cyprinus carpio to dctermine the toxicity of single heavy metal, and binary heavy metal. We also study co-toxicity coefficient of mixed metal from these two methods. The toxic rank based on the EC50 was, in the descending order, Hg > Cu > Zn > Pb > Cd > Ni > Cr by microtox method. The highest toxicity of heavy metal was Hg with EC50 at 0.13 mg/L; The lowest toxicity of heavy metal was Cr with EC50 at 59.33 mg/L. The toxic rank based on the LC50 was in the descending order, Cd > Hg > Cu > Zn > Ni > Pb > Cr by Cyprinus carpio test. The highest toxicity of heavy metal was Cd with LC50 at 0.13 mg/L; The lowest toxicity of heavy metal was Cr with LC50 at 12.31 mg/L. The toxicity of effluent of electroplating factory A showed the highest toxic effect with EC50 at 7.57 mg/L by microtox method. The cotoxicity coefficient of effluentt of electroplating factory A is 9.31 by microtox test. All co-toxicity effect of the sampling effluent from A , B and C electroplating factory exhibited the same anatagonistic effect. The toxicity of all effluent samples collected from electroplating factory are beyond the wastewater standard established by Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) by chemical analysis in Taiwan. The concentration of copper (Cu) in A and C factory by chemical analysis, are 14.13 and 14.12 mg/L, respectively. The concentration of Zinc (Zn) in A factory, are 11.60 mg/L. The correlation between the TUa of effluent water of electroplating factory by microtox test and COD of the same test water was low. R2 value between TUa and COD in A, B, and C factory are 0.771, 0.3 and 0.962, respectively.Our study data can supply the basic information for early warning of wastewater pollution from electroplating factory. The toxic trend of heavy metal from these two tested bioassays are the same. Microtox method seem to provide a fast wastewater pollution screening form electroplating factory, otherwise, the fish test can supply the chronic test tool for detection on waste water, too.

並列關鍵字

heavy metal ； Microtox ； Vibrio fischeri ； cotoxicity coefficient

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