本研究旨在探討國民中學校長分布式領導、教師人格特質與學校創新經營效能之關係,以桃園縣為例,瞭解校長分布式領導、教師人格特質與學校創新經營效能之現況,分析不同背景變項的教師對此三個變項之差異、相關及預測情形與因果關係,並探討桃園縣各鄉鎮市在校長分布式領導、教師人格特質與學校創新經營效能三個變項與教師人格特質各分層面得分之群聚情形。 本研究採問卷調查法,以「國民中學校長分布式領導、教師人格特質與學校創新經營效能問卷」為研究工具,以桃園縣59所公立國民中學教師為研究母群,以分層隨機抽樣及立意取樣方式進行調查,共抽取42所學校1072位教師為研究樣本,回收有效樣本數為932份,回收可用率為98.9%。資料處理以平均數、標準差、t考驗、單因子變異數分析、皮爾森積差相關、典型相關、多元迴歸、結構方程式與階層集群分析等統計方法進行資料分析。本研究結果如下: 一、桃園縣國民中學教師知覺校長分布式領導、教師人格特質與學校創新經營效能之現況為中高程度。 二、桃園縣國民中學不同背景變項教師對校長分布式領導、教師人格特質與學校創新經營效能的知覺有所不同。 (一)擔任主任、學校規模在13-24班、學校位置在縣轄市及校長任職該校校長年資1年以下或7年以上的學校教師,對於校長分布式領導知覺較高。 (二)51歲以上、學歷為研究所以上、擔任主任、學校規模在13-24班的學校教師,對於教師人格特質知覺較高。 (三)男性、擔任主任、學校規模在13-24班及校長任職該校校長年資1年以下或7年以上的學校教師,對於學校創新經營效能知覺較高。 三、桃園縣國民中學校長分布式領導與學校創新經營效能呈現高度正相關,但校長分布式領導與教師人格特質呈現低度正相關,教師人格特質與學校創新經營效能呈現中度正相關。 四、桃園縣國民中學校長分布式領導與教師人格特質對學校創新經營效能具有預測力。 五、桃園縣國民中學校長分布式領導與學校創新經營效能之間具有因果關係,但教師人格特質對校長分布式領導與學校效能的中介效果不明顯。 六、桃園縣各鄉鎮市國民中學在校長分布式領導、教師人格特質與學校創新經營效能三者,以及教師人格特質各分層面都分別具有群聚關係。 最後,根據本研究結果提出相關建議,以作為教育行政機關、國民中學校長與校師,以及未來後續研究發展之參考。
This study was aimed to investigate the current situation, different background variables effect, correlations, forecast, and intermediary effects among junior high school principals’ distributed leadership, teachers’ personality traits and school innovation management effectiveness in Taoyuan County. Survey research was employed in this study. The questionnaire of “Principals’ distributed leadership, teachers’ personality traits and school innovation management effectiveness“ was used. Adopting stratified random sampling, data were collected from 1,072 teachers in 42 schools. All data collected were analyzed by the statistical methods of descriptive statistics, independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation, canonical correlation, multiple regression, SEM and cluster analysis. The conclusions are as follows: 1. The principals’ distributed leadership, teachers’ personality traits and school innovation management effectiveness perceiving by the participating teachers from junior high schools in Taoyuan County were all significantly above theoretical average. 2. Teachers with different background variables had significantly different perception in principals’ distributed leadership, teachers’ personality traits and school innovation management effectiveness. 3. There is a high positive correlation between principals’ distributed leadership and school innovation management effectiveness, but a low positive correlation between teachers’ personality traits and principals’ distributed leadership , and the correlation between teachers’ personality traits and school innovation management effectiveness is moderate-positive. 4. Principals’ distributed leadership and teachers’ personality traits are predictive of school innovation management effectiveness. 5. There is a causal relationship between principals’ distributed leadership and school innovation management effectiveness, but teachers’ personality traits is not a significant moderate variable between principals’ distributed leadership and school innovation management effectiveness. 6. In Taoyuan County, every county city, township and town presents in different groups in this research with three variable scores or dimensions of teachers’ personality traits. According to the findings and conclusions given above, some suggestions are provided as references for the educational administrative institutions, junior high school principals and teachers, and future researchers.