歐盟於2003年2月公布「電機電子設備限用有害物質指令(RoHS)」及「廢電機電子設備(WEEE)」環保指令,促使電機電子產業之產品朝向低毒性、回收及省能源之目標前進。 本研究以台灣電機電子產業廠商作為綠色管理之研究對象,並以台灣經濟新報(TEJ)資料庫中抽取台灣電機電子產業之 1039 家廠商為主要調查對象,以問卷調查法蒐集各該廠商對於歐盟指令之實施概況,以及各相關問題之評估指標值後,除以敘述性統計分析外,更以探索性因素分析(Exploratory Factor Analysis;EFA)、驗證性因素分析(Confirmatory Factor Analysis;CFA)和結構方程模式(Structural Equation Modeling;SEM)三種研究方法來探討因素與所屬測量變項之關係,並利用結構方程模式進一步探討潛在變數間的因果關係。 根據問卷調查結果顯示,台灣電機電子產業目前約有 74.5 %之廠商已建置「綠色管理系統」,可得知台灣之電機電子廠商近年已漸漸加強國際環保概念,重視推行採用綠色管理制度為公司之經營發展。 綜合前述三項研究方法做出以下之結論:(1)在綠色管理程序中「原物料使用」為最重要之因素;(2)「即時資訊」對於「原物料使用」及「製程管理」兩構面有顯著之正面影響;(3)「原物料使用」對於「製程管理」構面有顯著之正面影響;(4)「製程管理」對於「廢棄回收」有顯著之正面影響。因此台灣電機電子產業之綠色管理若著重於設置即時監控之「原物料使用」及「製程管理」,將能有助於「廢棄回收」之環保訴求,符合資能源使用之效率。
In order to protect the global environment, the European Union issued the RoHS and WEEE directives in February, 2003 to reduce toxicity in products and to encourage material recycling and energy conservation. This study focuses on the green management of Taiwan’s electronic and electrical industries. The population size of the questionnaire is 1039 electronic companies in Taiwan based on the data from Taiwan Economic Journal (TEJ) Database. Questionnaire survey is performed to collect the first-hand data, and then the study applies descriptive statistics, exploratory factor analysis, and confirmatory factor analysis to analyze the data. Later, method of structural equation modeling is conducted to explore the relationship between variables and latent variables. According to the survey, there are 74.5% of Taiwane’s electronic and electrical companies that have established the green management system, which implies that the environmental protection concept is widely accepted by these companies. The research findings are:(1) The “material usage” is the most important factor for green management system. (2) The “real-time information” has positive effects on “material usage” and “process management”. (3) The “material usage” also has a positive effect on “process management”. (4) In addition, the “process management” has a positive effect on “waste material recycling”. Therefore, the green management of Taiwan’s electronic and electrical industries may emphasize to establish real-time monitors on the “material usage” and the “processing control management”, which could be helpful to promote environmental protecting of the waste recycling, also will be able to conform to the resources conservation and the energy use efficiency.