高教育程度未婚者的擇偶限制信念之研究

The Constraining Beliefs about Mate Selection of Single Graduate Students

楊偉昱(Wei-Yu Yang)

指導教授 ： 林如萍

國立臺灣師範大學/教育學院/人類發展與家庭學系/碩士(2009年)

摘要

摘要

本研究旨在探討高教育程度未婚者的擇偶限制信念，及個人背景變項、性別角色傾向之影響。研究採問卷調查法，改編Cobb、Larson和Watson（2003）的「浪漫與擇偶態度量表」，以22至39歲就讀國內公私立研究所的未婚碩、博班在學生為對象，以「分層比例」的方式，立意取得有效樣本數684份。主要研究發現如下：
一、本研究之受試者大多是就讀公立學校、父母已婚同住、來自高社經地位家庭的研究生。
二、高教育程度未婚者的擇偶限制信念程度偏高，其中以「完全確信」：「婚前需證明婚姻必定成功，以及自己完全可以勝任配偶的角色」此一限制信念的認同程度最高。
三、在性別角色傾向方面，高教育程度未婚男性自認比女性較多的男性化特質和兩性化特質，而男女擁有女性化特質的程度則差不多，顯示性別與性別特質不盡對等。其中，女性化特質對於擇偶限制信念有正向影響。
四、「性別」、「年齡」、「就讀學校類型」、「性別角色傾向」對於擇偶限制信念有顯著的預測力。男性、22至24歲、就讀私立學校研究所、女性化特質高者，擇偶限制信念的程度較高。
五、本研究所測量的家庭基本變項（包括：父母婚姻狀態、家庭社經地位）對高教育程度未婚者的擇偶限制信念沒有顯著影響，反而是學校中的學習經歷較具影響力。
最後，根據研究結果，分別針對高教育程度未婚者、婚姻教育專業人員，以及未來研究三方面提出具體建議。

關鍵字

擇偶限制信念 ； 高教育程度者 ； 性別角色傾向

並列摘要

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to discuss single, never- married graduate students’ constraining beliefs about mate selection and make clear the effect of demographic variables and sex / gender – role orientation. A questionnaire survey was conducted on graduate students aged from 22 to 39, who are currently study in their master or PhD programs in Taiwan. Looked into the research done by Cobb, Larson and Watson (2003) for inspiration and adopted its questionnaire “Development of the Attitudes about Romance and Mate Selection” for measuring the constraining beliefs about mate selection of single graduate students. The effective samples which were purposed acquired through stratified sampling for proportions are 684. The major findings are presented as follows:
1.More than ninety percent of the study sample was studying in national public institutes. Additionally, over half of the sample comes from high social economic status family, and approximately ninety percent of the study sample reflected their parents were married and lived together.
2.The single graduate students were inclined to agree constraining belief about mate selection. The respondents believe the “Complete Assurance” belief the most. That means they must feel completely assured of martial success and their pre-martial relationship and future partner must be ideal.
3.Men had higher scores in masculine characteristics and androgynous characteristics than women. But both men and women were susceptible to feminine characteristics. It means that single graduate students’ gender were not totally equal to their sex/ gender role orientation. Besides, the more they had feminine characteristics, the more they held constraining beliefs about mate selection.
4.On the whole, “gender”, “age”, “school type” and “sex/ gender role orientation” had significant effect on constraining beliefs about mate selection. In other words, men held more constraining beliefs about mate selection than the women; single graduate students aged 30-39 held more constraining beliefs about mate selection than who aged 22-24. Furthermore, graduate students from private institutes agreed to constraining beliefs more than the one from national public institutes, and femininity was a strong and positive predictor of constraining beliefs about mate selection.
5.In this study, the family variables (including parents’ marital status and social economic status) effect on single graduate students’ constraining beliefs about mate selection wasn't significant. However, the school learning experiences were more important predictors.

According to the findings, suggestions for single graduate students, marital educators, and future researches are addressed.

並列關鍵字

Constraining Beliefs about Mate Selection ； Single Graduate Students ； Sex/ Gender- Role Orientation

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