This monograph aims at contemplating the modem Japan-China relationship by analyzing discourses hidden behind the word ”demonize”, which is getting popular nowadays. The paper argues that ”Demonizing China” and ”Demonizing Japan” are in fact two sides of one coin. Considering processes of building up self-identity and foreign relationships, found in the History Problem between China and Japan, Sinocentrism and Japan research, the paper concludes that China should not be passive or just reacting to others, instead it should act and think independently.