研究經費、生命週期因素、與學術生產力—臺灣物理學者的實證分析

Research Grants and Life-Cycle Academic Productivity: An Empirical Study of Taiwan's Physicists

吳慧瑛(Huoying Wu)

《人口學刊》 55期 (2017/12) Pp. 1-38

https://doi.org/10.6191/JPS.2017.55.01

摘要

本文旨在探討研究經費、生命週期因素、與學術研究生產力的關係，以物理學為主要研究領域，研究對象包括任職於具物理學博士班的11所大學教師以及中央研究院物理所研究人員，共327位物理學者，平均每位學者約有7.1個年觀測值。學術生產力以5種指標衡量：未調整作者人數的SCI論文數（指標1）、未調整作者人數的核心期刊論文數（指標2）、列名通訊作者或第一作者的核心期刊論文數（指標3）、經調整作者人數的核心期刊論文數（指標4）、經調整作者人數的SCI論文數（指標5）。考慮到取得博士學位的年齡會影響日後學術高峰期出現的時間，本文以取得博士學位後至論文發表時的年資來衡量生命週期的階段。本文使用隨機效果Tobit模型估計，實證結果顯示年資與研究經費對學術生產力的影響呈現倒U型式的現象，主要出現在指標1與指標2。換言之，隨著年資或研究經費的增加，未調整作者人數的論文數，不管是一般期刊或核心期刊，會先上升然後再下降，且研究經費對生產力的影響，又比年資的影響來得顯著。控制研究經費與其他解釋變數之後，以指標1與指標2衡量的物理學者的學術生產力高峰約在取得博士學位後的19-20年間。

關鍵字

師資結構老化 ； 人力資本 ； 研究經費 ； 學術生產力 ； 研究產出

並列摘要

This paper explores the life-cycle academic productivity among Taiwan's physicists, by taking into account the role of research grants. Our sample consists of 327 physicists from Academia Sinica and 11 universities with Ph.D. programs in physics. The academic productivity of each scholar is assessed yearly by the number of publications in 5 various measures. On average, there are 7.1 annual observations per scholar. The life-cycle phase is gauged by professional age, which is defined as years since receiving a Ph.D. degree. By employing the random-effects Tobit model, our empirical results show that both professional age and research grants exert a significant impact upon academic productivity. Research grants reveal an even stronger effect than professional age does, particularly in the number of SCI articles as well as in the number of core-journal articles. In terms of these two unadjusted author-number publication measures, life-cycle academic productivity rises and then falls as scholars age and/or research grants increase. Ceteris paribus, the academic productivity of Taiwan's physicists is found to peak at 19-20 years after the receipt of their Ph.D. degree.

並列關鍵字

aging faculty ； human capital ； research grants ； academic productivity ； research output

參考文獻

田芳華(1999)。我國大學教師升等制度對獎勵研究生產力功效之分析—事件史分析法應用實例。人文及社會科學集刊。11(3)，359-394。

吳慧瑛(2008)。臺灣物理系所學術研究水準之分析，1971-2005。高教評鑑。1(2)，1-27。

張于紳、王宣智()。,未出版。

Adams, J.,Griliches, Z.(1996).Measuring Science: An Exploration.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.93(23),12664-12670.

Adams, J. D.,Griliches, Z.(2000).Research Productivity in a System of Universities.The Economics and Econometrics of Innovation.(The Economics and Econometrics of Innovation).: