校園綠屋頂設置之效益評估－以台南市復興國小為例

The Benefits of Green Roof in Campus-A Case Study of Tainan Municipal Fusing Elementary School

周素貞(Su-Chen Chou)

指導教授 ： 李志賢

崑山科技大學/工程學院/環境工程研究所/碩士(2011年)

https://doi.org/10.6828/KSU.2011.00038

摘要

夏季高溫炎熱的氣候條件，使建築物屋頂在吸收大量的日射熱之後，再將熱以再輻射回到大氣，導致城市的高溫化，形成都市熱島現象。此外，油電費用高漲，加上日益嚴重的全球暖化導致更多耗能，利用屋頂植生「降溫節能」是校園節尊開支之方法、亦能讓地球永續的長久之計。綠屋頂設計除了可達到隔熱降溫節能減碳的目的外，也有綠美化屋頂，且生產食用蔬菜、教育學習、運動休憩，具一舉數得之效，並可藉以改善在都市環境中愈來愈惡化的都市氣候與空氣品質。本研究以校園為案例研究，經實驗設置綠屋頂，以川七、番薯、南瓜三種植物試驗，從生長情形計算覆蓋率，可明顯看出川七較優，有 62％；其次為南瓜，有45％；最後是番薯，有44％；整體植生可降溫至多4.8℃，平均為 0.9℃，與其他國外案例比較，有不錯的成效。研究發現，與對照組比較之下，實驗組教室植物覆蓋率增加，其降溫效果愈大，可達到節能減碳的目的；此外，由教育層面來分析學生在設置綠屋頂，室溫較舒適的環境中學習，實驗組教室的學生們成績也相對較佳。

關鍵字

綠屋頂 ； 覆蓋率 ； 降溫 ； 校園 ； 回收再用

並列摘要

Urban heat island effect will result in higher atmospheric temperature, especially in the summer season. This is caused from radiant heat by the sun. In addition, consuming gasoline and electricity in our modern society make global warming worse than ever. One of the solutions to cool down the temperature in a surrounding urban area may be the promotion of green roofs. The suitable design of green roofs may have benefits as energy-conservation and carbon- reduction (ECCR), landscaping, vegetable harvest, environmental education, wastewater reuse, and so on. In this study, green roofs have set up in campus of the Tainan Municipal Fusing Elementary School, East District of Tainan City. The study period was from December 11, 2009 to October 5, 2010. First, we made four types of soil from various mixture of defoliation (5%), sewer sludge (5%), kitchen compost (40-60%), and ordinary soil (30-50%). Second, we selected three species of vegetables, chinses knotweed (CK), sweet potatoes (SP) and pumpkins (PK). Third, we recorded the indoor temperature of the classroom (one is control one, another is blank one without green roofs) daily and calculated the coverage rate of the three vegetables from various growing stages. The result shows the coverage rate of CK is significantly higher than others (CK, SP and PK are 62%, 44% and 45%, respectively). Also, by comparison with the blank classroom, the control one could reduce maximum 4.8℃ and average 0.9℃ of the indoor terpertaure. Additionally, students of control classroom have overall better performance in middle and final examinations than ones of blank classroom. This possiblly results from the more comfortable room terperature that has positive learning from studients in the control classroom.

並列關鍵字

Green roofs ； Coverage rate ； Temperature reduction ； Campus ； Recycle and reuse

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