伴隨著WTO等自由貿易協定的框架下,越來越多國外企業化生產的農產品湧入。原本的國內小農因其小規模生產而導致的競爭力低下,難以與企業化生產的高效農業相競爭。在此情況下,農委會提倡將在工業界取得一定成功的中衛體系引入農業領域,並著力於農業中衛體系的建立與推動,宣導以農會、合作社或公司為中心,進一步整合周邊小農,擴大生產經營規模,提升市場競爭力。從而加速傳統農業向企業化方向發展。目前,農業中衛體系已在斗南鎮農會取得了較大的成功,農委會也以此為成功案例向全台農業推廣,並且提供一定政策上的扶持,推動農業中衛體系的進一步發展和深化。 中國大陸面臨的農業問題與台灣相類似,同樣起步於小農化農業的中國大陸,如何在國外農產品不斷湧入的現今突出重圍,實現發展和提升,是一個亟待解決的問題。斗南鎮農會中衛體系的成功也同樣受到了來自中國大陸地區的關注。本文以斗南鎮農會為例,探究農業中衛體系在斗南鎮農會的發展情況、運作方式及存在的問題,進而分析中衛體系在台灣、乃至大陸農業領域中推廣的可行性。本文最終研究發現,建立農業中衛體系可以促進農業產業化,使農業競爭力提升,且在臺灣乃至中國大陸推廣均具備可行性。同時,中心廠的管理能力、契約的制定與執行是農業中衛體系是否能長久運行的關鍵。
An increasing number of foreign agricultural products yielded by corporate production mode flood into domestic market under the free trade agreement advanced by World Trade Organization. Due to small-scale production and low productivity, it’s difficult for domestic small farmers to compete with the efficient agriculture facilitated by corporate production. Therefore, the Council of Agriculture proposes to introduce center-satellite system that is successively applied in the industry into agriculture sector. By establishing agricultural center-satellite system centered in peasant association, cooperative society or companies, and incorporating the surrounding small farmers, the scale of production could be enlarged and the market competiveness could be strengthened as well. So far, agricultural center-satellite system has achieved a big success in Dounan Town. The Council of Agriculture promotes this case in the agriculture sector all around Taiwan and offers certain policy supports, which in turn advance the system. The problem faced by China mainland agriculture is similar to that of Taiwan. It’s an urgent issue for China mainland, a country that stemmed from small-scale farming by individual owners, to break through plight elicited by the influx of foreign agricultural products and achieve a new growth. Thus the case of Dounan Town also draws great attention from the China mainland. This paper took Dounan Farmers’ Association as an example, investigated the development situation, way of operation and existing problems, and explored the feasibility of application of center-satellite system in Taiwan and even China mainland agriculture sector. The results suggested that center-satellite system fosters agricultural industrialization, escalates agricultural competitiveness, and thus is feasible in Taiwan and China mainland. In addition, the management ability and the formulation and implementation of contract are crucial for the long-run operation of center-satellite system.