冒險學習應用在危機邊緣少年社會工作方案之評估研究

The Evaluation Research on the Application of Adventure Learning to the Social Work Program toward Adolescents at Risk

李慧君(Hui -Chun Lee)

指導教授 ： 王珮玲

國立暨南國際大學/人文學院/社會政策與社會工作學系/碩士(2008年)

https://doi.org/10.6837/NCNU.2008.00129

摘要

本研究為冒險學習應用在危機邊緣少年社會工作方案之評估研究，主要研究目的在探討冒險學習方案對危機邊緣少年自我效能之影響，及社會工作者執行冒險學習方案的角色及功能，再就研究結果與發現，提出青少年機構未來辦理冒險學習方案具體建議之參考。透過過程性與總結性方法完成評估，研究設計以質性參與觀察、文件分析及焦點團體法為主，輔以量化自我效能量表測量前後測分數變化，蒐集資料包含參與冒險學習方案的中輟學園少年共九位，焦點團體帶領者與冒險團隊工作者共七位。研究結果如下：

1. 冒險學習方案對危機邊緣少年自我效能之影響
（1）過程性評估之結果：發現六次團體發展歷程，從形成期發展至執行中期階段，少年從抗拒不願意參與至主動表達自己想法，並完成個人任務挑戰；自我效能觀察評估方面，發現部分少年對自己更有信心、增加與人信任關係、突破人際問題及挑戰自己體能。
（2）總結性評估之結果：顯示冒險方案對全部少年在自我效能具有輕微正面影響及提昇，並以個案工作處遇對少年自我效能提升為主要之影響因素。

2. 執行冒險方案社會工作者角色與功能
歸納出五個主要角色與功能，包含方案評估與設計者、活動引導與帶領者、活動解說者、監督方案執行者和個案輔導者。

基於上述研究結果，本研究提出四點具體建議青少年社福機構參考：
1. 對冒險為本社會工作實務本質之認知
2. 冒險學習工作者應具備專業能力與倫理
3. 團隊合作明確的角色與分工
4. 冒險學習帶領者理論與哲學觀之重要性

關鍵字

冒險學習 ； 危機邊緣少年 ； 自我效能 ； 評估研究

並列摘要

The study is an evaluation research on the application of adventure learning to the social work program toward adolescents at risk. The main purposes of this research are to deal with the effects on self-efficacy of the adolescents at risk participating the adventure learning programs; in addition, the role and function the social worker have in the process of the adventure learning programs. Moreover, based on the results and conclusions of the research, some suggestions have been proposed to the youth institutions that might hold the adventure learning programs in the future. For the formative evaluation and summative evaluation, the study consists of three major methods participation observation, documental analysis, and focused interview. In addition, a pre-test and post-test form design of quantitative self-efficacy examination is adopted as auxiliary. The data is gathered from nine dropout adolescents in the half-way school who participated in the programs, and seven workers who attending the focused group and engaged in the adventure learning programs team. The following is the results of this study：

1. The effects of the self-efficacy on adolescents at risk in the adventure learning programs
（1）The result of formative evaluation: in process of the six group sessions, during the forming stage to the middle performing stage, the adolescents spontaneously expressed themselves instead of refusing to take part in. They challenged the mission and, however, accomplished it in the end. In the aspect of self-efficacy observation and evaluation, some of the adolescents strengthened the confidence towards themselves and the relationship towards others. They were also able to take it as a challenge and make a breakthrough not only in their interpersonal relationship but also the stamina in the programs.

（2）The result of summative evaluation: It indicated that, as the self-efficacy of the whole adolescents is concerned, the adventure learning programs having a slightly effects and promotion, in which the case treatment is the main affecting factor.
2. The role and function that the social workers have in implementation of adventure learning programs
There are five roles and functions summing up for the social works: the person who evaluate and design the programs, the person who guide and lead the activities, the person who debrief the activities, the person who supervise the execution, and the case counselor.

Based upon the research result as the above, this study proposed four constructive suggestions for the youth institutions taking into consideration：

1. The knowledge of the actual adventure-based social work is essential.
2. The workers in the adventure learning programs should have professional ability and morality.
3. The cooperation and the roles of the team should be well divided and defined.
4. The theory and philosophy that the leaders possess and practice in the adventure learning programs play a quite important part.

並列關鍵字

Adventure Learning ； Adolescents at Risk ； Self-Efficacy ； Evaluation Research

參考文獻

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