社區老人的營養狀況及對供餐服務需求之研究

A Research on the Nutritional Status and on the Demand for Meal Service in the Community Elderly

鄭如芳(Cheng Ju-Fang)

指導教授 ： 劉俊昌

亞洲大學/健康學院/長期照護研究所/碩士(2007年)

摘要

研究背景：高齡化社會的來臨，家庭型態的快速轉變，家庭照顧功能逐漸式微，獨居與失能老人增加，社區對老人飲食服務愈趨殷切。透過社區提供飲食服務，可以改善老人營養狀況，增進健康與生活品質。
研究目的：瞭解社區老人營養狀況及對供餐服務的需求，瞭解影響需求的因素。
研究方法：採用問卷調查法，研究對象為南投縣的南投、草屯、竹山、名間、中寮五鄉鎮之社區照顧關懷據點的65歲以上社區老人，依據點關懷訪視之老人名冊，從中選取392人，委由定期前往訪視之志工以面訪方式收集，共回收有效樣本 384份，回收率98％。
研究結果：七成受訪者認為社區有必要為年長者提供送餐。有五成二認為宜由政府提供，近八成希望送餐到家，五成希望能天天供餐，四成希望每天提供午、晚兩餐。大多數人可以接受的餐價為早餐約30元、午餐與晚餐各約50元。經評估其營養狀況，正常者五成四、中度危險者三成六、高度危險者近一成。有高度營養危險者期望現在即可獲得送餐服務之比例高於正常與中度危險者。以邏輯式廻歸分析發現宗教信仰、居住狀況、生活費、交通、購物方便、為長者送餐的看法為影響供餐需求的因素。

關鍵字

社區老人 ； 老人營養狀況 ； 供餐服務 ； 供餐需求

並列摘要

Background：Family care functions have gradually declined with the advent of the aging society and the rapid change of the family pattern. besides, the community service catering to the elderly is in great demand with the increasing population of the disabled elderly living alone. Through the catering services provided by community, the nutritional status, health and quality of life of the elderly can be improved.
Objective：The purpose of this study is to understand the nutritional status of the elderly community, the demand for meal services, and the factors affecting feeding demands.
Methods：Research methods include questionnaire surveys on five Care Positions of Caring Community including Nantou City, Tsaotun Township, Chushan Township, Mingcheun Village, and Chungliao Village for the elderly aged 65 or above. According to the elderly roster on the point of visiting and caring, 392 people are selected for the survey and some volunteers who visit regularly are commissioned to interview. There are 384 valid samples retrieved, achieving the retrieve rate of 98%. Results：The results show that 70% of respondents suppose that to provide meal service for the elderly by the community is required, 52% supposed that should be provided by the government, nearly 80% hope to have home deliveries, 50% hope to have everyday meal services, and 40% hope to have afternoon and evening meal services a day. Most of the respondents can accept the meal at about 30 NT dollars for breakfast, 50 NT dollars for lunch and dinner respectively. From the estimation of their nutritional status, the normal accounts for 54%, the moderate risk for 36% and the high risk for nearly 10%. The ratio of expecting to have meal services at once for ones in high risk is higher than that for those in the normal or moderate risk. It is found that feeding demands depend on religious beliefs, living conditions, living expenses, transportation, shopping convenience, and viewpoints on “Meal Service for the elderly” by the logic-regression analysis.

並列關鍵字

community elderly ； nutritional status of the elderly ； meal service ； demand for meal service

參考文獻

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