- 學位論文
不用四通閥冷暖氣機發明專利原型機之製作
The Proto-type machine fabrication of the patented invention“The method and equipment of the heat-pump type air conditioner without a four-way valve”
摘要
本文乃針對指導教授黃景良與周煥銘教授的發明專利（證書第167051號）「不用四通閥而具冷暖氣機功能之方法和設備」案之原型機開發製作。 傳統含四通閥熱泵式冷暖氣機是用控制冷媒流動方向來產生冷和暖的效果，而四通閥使用在10大氣壓以上的高壓端切換冷氣和暖氣的功能易生故障而不耐用。且其兩個熱交換器兼作蒸發器和凝結器兩種用途，但因凝結器散熱面積必須較蒸發器為大才能匹配，故反轉使用下，其室內、外熱交換器必不能匹配而造成效能降低。其又有於冷天開暖氣時無法除濕和作多段加熱溫度調整的缺點。 本發明專利之裝置主要藉由傳統冷氣機之系統(即蒸發器、凝結器、壓縮機和膨脹閥但不須含四通閥)和搭配入、出風口閥門、閥門控制系統、氣流通道結構、風扇和多段式的加熱器所構成；使經閥門控制系統對進、出風口閥門之控制，以產生不同效果的氣流通道，以達到熱天時使室內空氣通過蒸發器可作降溫和除濕的效果，而冷天時使室內空氣通過凝結器產生暖氣，或冷天時使室內空氣先通過蒸發器冷卻除濕然後再通過凝結器加熱產生暖氣又可同時除濕的效果，若暖氣不足時可啟動多段式的加熱器以調整出不同需求的溫度。故本發明專利可以達到降低故障率而耐用以及提高冷暖氣機效能，而且一年四季皆可有效除濕及調節室內溫度至舒適程度之功能。故該專利若能商品化，必能取代目前習用含四通閥之冷暖氣機以及習用之冷氣機。因冷暖氣機在寒冷天氣使用暖氣功能時，較使用電暖爐節省能源70%以上，且室內溫度分佈較平均，較使用電暖爐舒適和安全。該專利產品成本和耐用度與冷氣機相若但卻具更多功能，特別是冬天寒冷多雨各大洲海岸之富裕地區有其大量之需求性，有打開國內以及國際市場的潛力，本原型機的製作就是擔任開路先鋒的工作。
並列摘要
The purpose of this paper is to fabricate the proto-type machine of the permitted patent invented by my supervisors, Prof. Wong,King-Leung and Prof.Chou,Huann-Ming--“The method and equipment of the heat-pump-type air conditioner without a four-way valve.” (Invention number: 167051) A conventional heat-pump-type air conditioner, which uses a four-way valve to control the direction of the refrigerant flow to switch the functions of cooling and heating, is defective in some aspects. Firstly, the switching action of the devise is easier to break down at a pressure over 10 atm. What’s worse, on account of the facts that the two heat exchangers function both as an evaporator and a condenser and that the area of the heat transfer surface of a condenser must be larger than that of the evaporator, when the functions of the two heat exchangers reverse, the mismatch of heat transfer surfaces will happen and lower efficiency will occur. Thirdly, a conventional heat-pump-type air conditioner doesn’t have the function of dehumidification in cold rainy days. Fourthly, its heating function is not adjustable in temperature. The proto-type machine is primarily constructed of the same components as those of a conventional air conditioner, i.e. an evaporator, a condenser, a compressor and an expansive valve but without a four-way valve. Besides, it also includes the airways, the inlet and outlet dampers and their control system, fans and the heater. It is the inlet and outlet dampers that control the airways to change the heating and cooling effects. During hot days, the air is controlled to pass through the evaporator to be dehumidified and cooled down; during cold days, the air is controlled to pass through the condenser to be heated up; during cold and rainy days, the air is first controlled to pass through the evaporator to be dehumidified and then driven into the condenser to be heated up. If the weather is not warm enough, the adjustable heater can be switched on to heat up the air to fit one’s need. Thus, such a device can produce a dual function of dehumidification and heating in cold rainy days that a conventional heat-pump-type air conditioner cannot achieve. If the heating function of a heat-pump-type air conditioner is adopted in cold days, more than 70% energy can be saved than an electrical heater. More uniform room temperature distribution, more comfort, and more safety can be obtained as well. The cost of this product is about the same as a convectional air conditioner, but it owns more functions, which especially meets the need of the rich people living in the rainy coastal areas of continents in the world. Therefore, the patent can achieve the purposes of lower cost, longer life, higher efficiency, dehumidification in all rainy seasons and heating temperature adjustability. It is believed that the merchandized products of this patent have the potential to take over the local and oversea markets of conventional air conditioners and conventional heat-pump-type air conditioners with a four-way valve. We deeply believe that the fabrication of the proto-type machine will bring the industry of air conditioners to a new ground.