從美、日災害防救體系之角度檢視我國災害防救體系

Review and Suggestion of Taiwan's Disaster Prevention and Response System from the Aspects of US and Japan Experience

施邦築(Ban-Jwu Shih)

《研考雙月刊》 29卷6期 (2005/12) Pp. 57-75

https://doi.org/10.6978/YKSYK.200512.0057

摘要

台灣地理環境特殊，無法避免颱風與地震等天然災害之發生，加以社會快速發展，環境之脆弱性增加，近年災害頻率與規模均有增大趨勢。此外，疫災與重大公共安全事故等潛在之威脅亦與日俱增，未來災害工作所面臨之挑戰勢必日趨嚴峻。在政府行政組織改造之際，為能更進一步提昇災害防救工作之效能，有必要針對現行防災體系之權責劃分與組織沿革重新審視，以籌謀、建立更適切可行之災害防救體系。本文說明台灣、美、日三國災害防救體系之權現劃分、組織沿革與重整歷程，並針對國內可調整的方向提出建言。

關鍵字

災害防救體系 ； 行政組織 ； 權責劃分 ； 組織改造

並列摘要

With the characteristics of geography and topography, the impacts of natural disasters like typhoon and earthquake, the environmental vulnerability, Taiwan is facing the steep challenge to protect the speedy development from the increased frequency and scale of natural hazard. Beyond the natural incidents, the man-made accidents and epidemic disease have shown the potential risk. On the eve of governmental reorganization, the necessary re-examination of jurisdiction and unavoidable adjustment of administrative level on, would further improve the capacity and capability on disaster prevention management system. The article would present the current status and historical development in Taiwan, US and Japan and provide the preliminary suggestions for future innovation.

並列關鍵字

disaster prevention management system ； administrative organs ； jurisdiction ； reorganization