土地倫理為本之永續農業和原住民社區發展：以新縣尖石鄉泰雅族部落為例

Development of Sustainable Agriculture based on Land Ethics: A Study Case in Tayal Indigenous Community in Jianshih Township, Hsinshu County

顏愛靜(Ai-Ching Yen)

《都市與計劃》 42卷2期 (2015/06) Pp. 209-233

https://doi.org/10.6128/CP.42.2.209

摘要

本研究旨在描述與發掘新竹縣尖石鄉石磊泰雅族部落推行對環境友善的自然農法的背景過程，及其影響因子。田野資料係採文獻回顧、訪談、參與觀察等方法收集。研究發現，近年來石磊部落在地居民有鑑於慣行農法對人體與土地健康的傷害，逐漸轉向有機農業經營，然而過高的成本使族人裹足不前，甚至重操舊業。而後於2008年，在韓國牧師與農業專家的介紹下，從韓國引進自然農法，採用工作坊方式於部落及周遭地區推廣，農民接受程度逐年增高。分析其原因，除了農民本身關懷健康與土地的態度外，自然農法與該部落傳統作物輪耕方式背後的友善自然土地倫理，藉由農民向農民學習的社會學習方式，傳統生態知識的技術與創新，激發居民學習自然農法，是促進山區農業轉型的關鍵。而在石磊部落，韓式自然農法也轉成泰雅特色的自然農法以利用在地土地資源，其產品又能為市場接受，提供了在地農民經濟的支持，也使土地倫理與永續農業得以在泰雅部落併行實踐。

關鍵字

土地倫理 ； 永續農業 ； 自然農法 ； 社會學習 ； 原住民部落發展

並列摘要

This study investigated the contextual and influential factors in environmental friendly natural farming which is advocated by Tayal indigenous communities. The research methods included a literature review, interviews, and participatory observation. This study revealed that some Tayal people in Quri Community gradually experiencing the damage of pesticides to human body and land health in recent years so that they had been transform conventional agriculture into organic agriculture. However, because of the high cost of organic farming, some farmers returned to conventional farming. In 2008, a Korean pastor and an agricultural expert introduced Korean style natural farming into Tayal community. By workshop form to advocate natural farming, Quri and other communities' farmers gradually accepted such cultivation method. The key factors in the transformation of farming are, in addition to concerns about health and land, the good fit between natural farming and the traditional crop rotation based on land ethics. By adopting ＂farmers learn from farmers＂ social learning method, the traditional ecological knowledge (TEK) and the development of new agricultural production techniques motivated community residents to learn natural farming. In Quri Community, the Korean style natural farming has transformed into Tayal style to use local land resources. Relevant agricultural production has been accepted by the mainstream market, which provides economic support for local farmers. As a result, land ethics and sustainable agriculture have been co-implemented in the Tayal indigenous community.

並列關鍵字

Indigenous community development ； Land ethic ； Natural farming ； Social learning ； Sustainable agriculture

參考文獻

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