原住民青少年飲酒行為解析

Drinking Behavior: A Study of Drinking Behavior from the Perspectives of Aboriginal Adolescents

葉美玉(Mei-Yu Yeh)

《原住民教育季刊》 32期 (2003/11) Pp. 29-48

https://doi.org/10.6779/AEQ.200311.0029

摘要

原住民飲酒是一重要的公共衛生主義題。本研究置在探討原住民青少年對飲酒行為的觀點。以立意選樣，選取北部地區兩所原住民重點學校，隨機選取6班原住民學生，以結構式問卷，進行飲酒行為篩檢，選出有飲酒經驗22位，及無飲酒經驗的學生24位，參與焦點團體深度訪談。結果顯示：青少年認為飲酒的動機與情境有減輕壓力、改善憂鬱情緒、恢復體力、表現男性氣概、象徵成年、無聊與好奇。如同僚影響、家庭因素、節慶活動，與部落文化。飲酒的經驗與後果，包括1)正向預期、放鬆舒服與擺脫社會文化束縛。2)負面後果，如身體狀況不佳、易滋事、意外事故增加、暴力傾向、無法工作上學。改善飲酒行為的介入，可包括1)自我覺悟、轉移注意力，與尋求替代品協助。2)藉由重要他人的影響、營造無酒環境、安全休閒生活、利用宗教力量、建立社會規範、形成輿論壓力。研究結果提供健康專業人員，更深入了解原住民青少年的飲酒行為，未來可作為研擬原住民衛生教育之參考。

關鍵字

原住民 ； 飲酒行為 ； 質性研究

並列摘要

Aboriginal people's drinking benavior is a very important public health issue. The purpose of the study was to find out what motivated aboriginal adolescents to drink, under what situation they would do so, how they felt about their drinking behavior and what they would do to quit drinking. Using purposive sampling, this study chose two aboriginal schools (school A &B) in Northern Taiwan. Out of the six classes chosen randomly, one of them was from school A and the other five from school B. With structural questionnaires filled in by the students from the six classes, 22 subjects with drinking experience and another 24 subjects without such an experience were screened out for focus group depth interview. Results of the study show that their motivations for drinking include: 1) releasing stress , walking out of depression, regaining energy, displaying masculinity, demonstrating adulthood, being bored and curious; 2) influence, family factor , holidays, and cultures. Their experiences with drinking and its consequences encompass: 1) positive expectancies such as feeling relaxed and getting rid of social and cultural bounds; 2) negative consequences, including health damage, harassment, more accidents, violent inclinations, inability to go to school and work. Their means of quitting drinking contain: 1) self awareness, attention divergence and a search for substitutes; 2) creation of a non-alcoholic environment with the influence of the important people in their lives, arrangement of recreational activities, religion, establishment of social ethics and pressures. The results of this study can help health professionals understand more about aboriginal adolescents' drinking behavior and design aboriginal health education programs.

並列關鍵字

aborigines ； drinking ； behavior ； qualitative ； research