台灣原住民青少年飲酒行為之心理社會模式研究

葉美玉(Yeh Mei-Yu)

指導教授 ： 黃松元

國立臺灣師範大學/教育學院/衛生教育學系/博士(2000年)

摘要

本研究之主要目的為探討台灣原住民青少年飲酒行為與心理社會因素間的關係,研究者依據理論提出包括個人特徵,家庭因素,同儕因素與涵化四個層面之原住民青少年飲酒行為心理社會模式,並以473名原住民青少年學生為研究對象,採用結構方程模式統計分析方法,應用LISREL8.30之電腦統計套裝軟體,驗證此一模式之適切性.
模式考驗結果發現,本研究建構修改之心理社會模式,與實際觀察資料可以適配,並可用來解釋原住民青少年之問題飲酒行為.研究主要結果歸納如下:
1.直接影響原住民青少年飲酒行為之心理社會因素,包括:父母親飲酒行為,同儕飲酒行為,情感連結,自我效能,社會同化,與社會態度等五項.
2.在心理社會模式中,以同儕飲酒對原住民青少年問題飲酒行為的影響最具關鍵性.
3.原住民青少年之問題飲酒行為,部份源自於觀察倣效父母親的飲酒行為而來.
4.拒絕同學,好友與成人邀酒的自我效能是減少原住民青少年問題飲酒行為的重要因素,也是原住民青少年應學習的重要技能.
5.涵化程度影響原住民青少年的問題飲酒行為,涵化程度愈高者,社會同化愈深,社會態度愈正向,問題飲酒行為愈少.
6.原住民青少年的家庭互動關係愈佳,其對問題飲酒行為具有消長作用.

關鍵字

原住民 ； 青少年 ； 飲酒行為 ； 自我效能 ； 家庭 ； 同儕 ； 涵化

並列摘要

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between drinking behavior and related psychosocial factors for Taiwanese aboriginal teenagers. The researcher, based on literature and theories, proposed a psychosocial model of drinking behaviors for aboriginal teenagers. This model includes four factors: personal characteristics, family attachment, peer interactions, and acculturation. The subjects were 473 aboriginal teenage students. Data was analyzed by using structual eqution model with LISREL 8.30 statistical software package in order to test the fitness of the proposed model.
The results of the test of fitness indicated that the psychosocial model constructed and adapted by this research fits the observed data and could be used to interpret drinking behavior of aboriginal teenagers. The major findings in this study is summarized as the following:
1.The psychosocial factors directly influencing drinking behaviors of aborginal teenagers included:drinking behaviors of their parents, drinking behaviors of their peers, affective bonding, self efficacy, social assimilation, and social attitudes.
2.In the psychosocial model, peer-drinking behaviors had a most prominent impact on problematic drinking behavior of aboriginal teenagers.
3.Part of the aboriginal teenager problematic drinking behavior originated from observing an imitating their parent's behaviors.
4.The self- efficacy in refusing invitations to drink from classmates, friends, and adults was one important factor in reducing problematic drinking behaviors of aboriginal teenagers.This was also one important life skill that aboriginal teenagers need to learn.
5.The level of acculturation also influenced problematic drinking behavior on aboriginal teenagers. The lower the acculturation, the more obvious the problematic drinking behavior. The more teenagers are acculturated, the more they are socially assimilated, and the more positive their social attitudes, and the less problematic drinking behavior occurred.
6.When there is better family interaction in the aboriginal teenagers' families, the problematic drinking behavior is usually decreased.

並列關鍵字

aboriginer ； teenagers ； drinking behavior ； self efficacy ； family ； peer ； acculturation

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