The purpose of this research was to explore the relationships among leisure sport cognition, exercise self-efficacy and physical and mental health of elementary school teachers. The ”Leisure Sport Cognition, Exercise Self-Efficacy and Physical and Mental Health for Elementary School Teachers Questionnaire” adopted a stratified cluster sampling method, which sampled elementary school teachers in Taichung City to conduct the research. The statistical analyses were analyzed by SPSS for Windows 12.0. After the data was analyzed with Pearson's product moment correlation analysis, and regression analysis. The major findings wrer as follows:1. There were significant positive relationships of the dimensions of leisure sport cognition and the dimensions of exercise self-efficacy.2. The exercise self-efficacy was effectively predictable with reference to the variances of leisure sport cognition (27.6% of variance).3. The physical and mental health was effectively predictable with reference to the variances of exercise self-efficacy (6.4% of variance).