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The Study of Temperature Management of Reefer Container in Low Temperature Logistics System

低溫物流系統冷凍貨櫃溫度管理之研究

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摘要


為尋找防止冷凍貨物鮮度不佳及貨損的最適物流條件,本文首先比較不同凍結溫度對鯖鰺預冷貯存之影響,鯖鰺貨物分別置於以-25℃預冷及-20℃預冷之凍結設備,實施急速冷凍,並定時測定其溫度。結果顯示,以-25℃送風式凍結法於凍結17小時,貨物中心溫度可以到達-19℃,而以-20℃送風式凍結法中心溫度為-15.1℃,而並無顯著的下降,距離指定運送溫度有3.9℃之溫差。當貨物表面溫度到達-19℃所須之時間,-20℃送風式凍結法為7小時、-25℃送風式凍結法為5小時。其次,比較不同積載方式對鯖鰺貨物之影響,鯖鰺貨物分別以水平積載、垂直積載及超高積載方式置於以-19℃之冷凍模擬櫃,實施急速冷凍,並定時測溫。結果顯示,水平、垂直積載櫃內溫差沒有超過3℃,而超高積載方式則有超過3℃。接著,比較不同斷電期間對鯖鰺鮮度之影響,短期間斷電以蘇澳運送至基隆時間2至3小時,對冷凍鯖鰺影響有限,但人為因素延遲交櫃,而造成較長期間如隔日交櫃而斷電18小時以上,對冷凍鯖鰺貨物就有影響。結果顯示,以運送協議許可斷電8小時,貨物表面溫度上升至-15.6℃左右,中心溫度為-16.1℃,而櫃溫上升至-14.6℃。如以斷電18小時,貨物表面溫度上升至-11.8℃左右,中心溫度為-12.5℃,櫃內溫度為-9.5℃。

並列摘要


To preserve freshness and to prevent damage of frozen cargo, the condition on logistical process is optimized. The effects of -25℃ air blast and -20℃ air blast freezing methods on the pre-cooling stowage of mackerel and scad are also investigated. After 17 hours of freezing by -25℃ air blast, the temperature of the frozen products reaches -19℃, whereas by -20℃ air blast, the temperature of the products reaches -15.1℃ (a 3.9℃ temperature difference from the required transportation temperature). The effects of horizontal, vertical, and over load stowage on mackerel and scad are also studied. After freezing by -19℃ air blast, the temperature difference between horizontal and vertical stowage is <3℃, and the temperature difference for over load stowage is >3℃. After eight hours of no power in the reefer container, the surface body temperature of the fish rises to -15.6℃ and central body temperature to -16.1℃; after 18 hours of no power, surface body temperature rises to -11.8℃ and central body temperature to -12.5℃ with container temperature reaching -9.5℃.

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