運動選手背景變項對就業決策層級與就業準備行為之差異分析

近幾年來體育界常討論的話題莫過於是選手生涯規劃與發展方向，又因亞、奧運得牌選手要求工作權以及職棒打假球事件，更使得運動員出路問題浮現檯面。本研究的目的在探討國內大學運動選手們因不同背景變頂在就業決策層級與就業準備行為之差異情形，研究對象為台灣體育大學、國立體育大學與臺北體院三所大學的競技系、球類系、技擊系三系的專業運動選手為主，剔除無效問卷後，實得417份有效問卷，研究方法採用單因子多變量分析，顯著水準為α=.05。研究結果顯示，在學生個性、生活滿足感、朋友相處關係等變項差異較大，而在運動經歷、運動專長方面卻無較明顯的差異存在，顯示就業決策層級以及就業準備行為較易受心理因素的影響，而在實際的成績或是運動經歷上對就業決策層級、就業準備行為僅部分達顯著差異，故本研究也針對研究結果提出相關建議，以期能夠給予有關學術以及政府單位作為參考之用。

關鍵字

生涯規劃；專長；心理因素

並列摘要

This research aimed to study whether different cultural contexts and backgrounds of Taiwanese athletes affected their career preparations, career choices, or even the living standards on the base of sociology of population. The samples were selected from athletes of fighting sports, boxing sports, and ball games in three physical colleges in Taiwan. 417 professional college athletes were chosen as the samples to do the survey. Multivariate analysis was used to discuss if different variations affect college athletes' future choices of living values, career choices, and the later status at work. The result (p＜ .05) showed that college athletes in Taiwan were affected by the variations of their personality traits, content feelings in life, and the relationship between friends. On contrary, the athletes were less affected by athletic experiences, specialties, or academic scores. Thus, the result indicated that the Taiwanese college athletes were mainly influenced by the mental features in job decision rather than the outer athletic performance.