男子競技體操雙槓項目肌力訓練方式探討

目的：雙槓項目必須透過雙手交替完成不同類型動作技術，基於專項技術較為多變，所以選手們需要具備優異的專項肌力，方能執行各類型高難度動作技術，而強化雙槓項目肌力最主要功能應著重於增加控制身體重心位移的準確性及提升實施縱軸空翻、橫軸轉體技術的穩定性。方法：雙槓項目肌力訓練是以上肢肌群為主，可區分為固定式及動態式兩種，固定式肌力訓練以提高該動作所動用肌群的應用能力，採用L型直角支撐、倒立支撐及掛臂等三種動作，而動態式肌力訓練則是強化雙槓基礎動作技術的控制能力，又細分為基礎型及組合式兩種類型。結果：基礎型肌力訓練包含雙槓項目三種動作技術模式：一、支撐擺動至倒立位置；二、掛臂前擺上後擺至倒立位置；三、懸垂擺動；而組合式肌力訓練則是透過在倒立架器械上實施併腿慢舉倒立、併腿水平起及倒立推撐等三種方式。結論：雙槓項目肌力訓練應根據不同階段訓練計畫的需求來規劃安排，並依照循序漸進的方式來進行定時、定量的訓練，選手透過系統性規劃與執行肌力訓練後定能有助益於提升雙槓項目的專項肌力。

關鍵字

固定式；動態式；動作技術模式；訓練計畫

並列摘要

Purpose: The parallel bars event requires athletes to use alternate hands to complete various movement techniques. Because this event involves numerous special techniques, athletes must possess excellent specific muscle strength in order to perform the various highly difficult movement techniques. The main purpose of bolstering the muscle strength for the parallel bars event is to increase the displacement control accuracy for the body's center of gravity and to improve the stability of the vertical axis somersault and horizontal axis rotation techniques. Methods: Muscle strength training for the parallel bars primarily involves the upper limb muscles. It is divided into two types: static and dynamic. The static muscle strength training aims to improve the application abilities of the muscles used during the movements. It includes three main movements: L-angle hold, handstand support, and hanging arm. The dynamic muscle training aims to strength the ability to control the basic parallel bars movement techniques and is subdivided into two categories: basic and combined. Results: Basic strength training for the parallel bars includes three movement techniques: (1) Support swing to a handstand; (2) upper arm position forward and backward swing to a handstand; and (3) overhang swing. The combined muscle strength training is performed via pike press handstands, pike level push, and handstand push support. Conclusion: Parallel bars muscle strength training should be planned and arranged based on the training plan needs at different phases and proceed with regular and quantitative training in a step-by-step manner. The execution of the muscle strength training systematic plan will definitely help athletes to improve specific muscle strengths for parallel bars events.

並列關鍵字

static ； dynamic ； movement technique mode ； training plan

參考文獻

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男子競技體操雙槓項目肌力訓練方式探討

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