影響護專學生初次實習憂鬱及其相關因素之探討

Nursing Student Depression and Associated Factors during Students' First Clinical Practice

王靜琳(Ching-Lin Wang) ； 李小璐(Hsiao-Lu Lee) ； 呂桂雲(Kuei-Yun Lu)

《護理暨健康照護研究》 6卷1期 (2010/03) Pp. 65-75

https://doi.org/10.6225/JNHR.6.1.65

摘要

背景　臨床實習是護理專業課程非常重要的學習歷程，然實習對護生是極具壓力的，倘若護生於實習期間，無法調適其角色，便容易產生挫折感，而影響其身、心健康狀況及學習效果。
目的　旨在探討影響護專學生初次實習憂鬱及其相關因素。
方法　採量性、橫斷式相關性研究設計，主要針對五專三年級初次至醫院實習護生，共發出135份問卷，回收131份，有效回收率達97%。研究問卷包含：護專學生背景資料、青少年憂鬱量表、護生實習壓力量表以及社會支持量表。資料分析採SPSS for Windows 12.0版，以描述性資料及推論性統計分析說明研究變項間的關係。
結果　有7位護生憂鬱高於一般青少年，佔總人數之5.5%。實習壓力和社會支持為護專學生初次實習憂鬱之重要預測變項，可解釋之變異量為30.5%，即為實習壓力愈高、社會支持愈少，則護生憂鬱症狀愈明顯。
結論／實務應用　提供護理教育者對憂鬱護生的進一步瞭解，使建立關懷之學習環境並給與支持，以預防憂鬱發生；提供早期介入性措施，協助其尋求正向資源；及必要時予以轉介，以裨益護生實習成效。

關鍵字

憂鬱 ； 護生 ； 臨床實習

並列摘要

Background: Clinical practice is an important component of the education program for all professional nurses, which typically places students under significant stress. Students who adjust poorly to their clinical practicum may become frustrated, leading to phys-psychosocial symptoms and impaired learning effectiveness.
Purpose: This study was designed to explore nursing student depression and its associated factors during nurses' first clinical practicum.
Methods: A cross-sectional design was used. A total of 131 participants participated out of a total of 135 nursing students invited (i.e., 97% response rate). The questionnaire used consisted of a personal demographic datasheet, Clinical Practice Stress Scale, Social Support Scale and Adolescent Depression Inventory. SPSS 12.0 for Windows was applied. Descriptive and inferential statistics were employed in data analysis.
Results: Findings showed stress levels perceived by 7 (5.5%) of the participants to be higher than the general average for adolescents. This subgroup concurrently exhibited greater symptoms of depression. Clinical practice stress was significantly and negatively correlated with depression. Stepwise multiple linear regression analysis showed that clinical practice stress and social support were significant predictors of depression, accounting for 30.5% of total variance.
Conclusions/Implications for practice: Study findings can help nursing educators further understand depression in nursing students. Providing a better learning environment, supportive systems, and involved intervention in an earlier period can help students seek out positive resources. In environments that do not offer adequate support or facilities, students may elect to transfer to a nursing program in another school in order to enhance practicum effectiveness.

並列關鍵字

depression ； nursing students ； clinical practice