- 期刊
我國青少年桌球運動員心理技能與運動幸福感之研究
Research on Psychological Skills and Sports Well-Being of Chinese Young Table Tennis Players in Taiwan
摘要
目的：瞭解青少年桌球運動員在心理技能與運動幸福感之現況及心理技能對運動幸福感預測情形。方法：以549名國、高中生桌球運動員為研究對象，所得資料以描述性統計及多元逐步迴歸進行分析。結果：一、青少年桌球運動員心理技能現況為中上程度，依序為「可教導性與自我激勵」、「動機」、「自信心」、「壓力處理」、「專注」。二、運動幸福感知覺情形亦屬於中上程度，以「運動樂趣」為首，「主觀的活力」次之。三、心理技能可以有效預測幸福感，其中以「可教導性與自我激勵」之預測力最高。結論：可教導性與自我激勵是選手最重要的幸福感預測因子，顯示當選手愈能理解教練的指導對於個人技術能力提升有其重要性及益處，且也願意展現較佳的自律及自我砥礪態度於運動訓練過程中，將可提升其對於參與專項運動的幸福感受，也能幫助選手繼續留任團隊。爰此，建議相關單位，對於教練應當提供適切的心理技能及運動幸福感增能課程，協助教練應用於運動團隊指導；而對於運動員，邀請退役不久或還在場上拼搏的菁英運動員進行自身經驗分享，透過運動生涯歷程的闡述與分享，相信應該更能夠貼近高中以下學生運動員的心理狀況，以幫助桌球運動員心理技能上的提升及發展更好的生活適應能力。
並列摘要
The purpose of this research was to understand the current situation of psychological skills and sports well-being of young table tennis athletes in Taiwan and to predict the effect of psychological skills on their sports well-being. Descriptive statistical analysis and multiple stepwise regression were adopted to analyze the data obtained from 549 junior high school and senior high school table tennis athletes. The result revealed that, first, young table tennis athletes in Taiwan maintained a medium-high level of psychological skills, including (1) teachability and self-encouragement, (2) motivation, (3) self-confidence, (4) stress management and (5) focus, in descending order. Secondary, in terms of sports wellbeing, young table tennis athletes in Taiwan measured medium-high in (1) sport enjoyment and (2) subjective vitality, in descending order. At last, mental skills can effectively predict happiness, among which "teachability and self-motivation" have the highest predictive power. The research concluded that teachability, self-encouragement and sports fun are the main sources of mental skills and sports happiness for Taiwanese table tennis players below senior high school, indicating that players can recognize the importance of coaches' advice and instructions for improvement their sports skills. In the process, they are also willing to show self-discipline and a positive attitude to face the challenges of practice and competition. Based on the research, it is suggested that relevant units should provide appropriate psychological skills and sports well-being enhancement training courses for coaches, and assist coaches in applying sports team guidance; for table tennis athletes, invite elite athletes who have retired soon or are still fighting on the field to share their own experience, through the sports career process. It is believed that it should be closer to the psychological status of student-athletes below senior high school, so as to help current table tennis players improve their psychological skills and develop better life adaptability.