造園設計中植栽色彩對觀賞者效益之研究

The Effect of Plant Color on Respondents' Benefits in Landscape Design

張俊彥(Chun-Yen Chang)

《造園景觀學報》 7卷1期 (2000/08) Pp. 45-65

https://doi.org/10.6950/JL.200008.0045

摘要

本研究之目的在瞭解不同花卉色彩對觀賞者的生心理效益情形，以生理的肌電值及心理的狀態焦慮影響為討論項目。研究目的的理論基礎是建立在有關自然景觀對觀賞者效益之理論，及植栽色彩會影響觀賞者認知的理論上。基本的理論基礎色括色彩認知之理論，生理迴饋機制之理論，及狀態焦慮理論。研究測試花朵色彩之選取以具有常見性、自明性、與認知性的花為主，以不同色彩的玫瑰為測試對象，分類為『紅色』、『橘色』、『香檳色』、『白色』、『深紅色』、『粉紅色』及『黃色』七類。花卉色彩之模擬以PhotoImpact 4.0 影像處理軟體模擬。參與測試的受測者共有105名在學學生，重複量測變異數的分析結果顯示不同花卉之色彩對受測者之生理反應具有影響(F = 2 .50， p=0.02)，受測者觀看不同色花卉時亦有不同的情緒焦慮值( F = 40 .05， p=0. 00)。研究再與Russell及Pratt (1980)所提出的二向度，情緒結構模式比較，除白色花外，其它花色之結果呈一致性；紅色花可產生緊張的愉悅喚起的感受；橘色及香檳色花則產生有愉悅睏倦的感受；深紅色花是產生焦慮緊張的及睏倦失望的；粉紅色花是產生滿足不焦慮且愉悅睏倦的；黃色花則是產生焦慮的，緊張的，愉悅喚起情緒；白色花產生了比較歧異的情形，在生理測試方面是呈放鬆，但其焦慮情緒值反而為焦慮緊張的情形，在情緒體驗向度則是睏倦失望。白色花的歧異性顯示了生理反應與心理反應間仍存在著未知的關聯性。

關鍵字

植栽色彩 ； 肌電值 ； 焦慮情緒 ； 生理迴饋

並列摘要

The purpose of this study is to depict the benefit of flowers colors of gardening design. The tested factors based on the theory of biofeedback that relates the rose colors to respondents' Electromyography EMG and state anxiety for 105 students of National Chung Hsing University in Taiwan. The independent variable are defined as the popular natural flower colors of roses which include red, orange, champagne, white, deep red, pink red, and yellow. The dependent variable is defined as the measurement of the EMG and the value of state-anxiety. Flower colors were simulated as the computer image for keeping the testing images in a state condition during the testing period. Two sections of rose's images were shown to the respondents after they view some relax landscape pictures. Respondents were asked to speak out their cognition of each rose color in the first viewing section. EMG values of respondents in both of the viewing sections were recorded. Biofeedback instrument was used to collect respondents' Electromyography data at each 0.1-second. State anxiety questionnaire was applied following the viewing of each rose color. Repeat measure of ANOVA was used to test the differences between different rose color for the EMG and the state-anxiety values. The results show that respondents look at different color of flowers will have different EMG value (F=2.50, p=0.02) and different state-anxiety value(F=40.05, p=0.00). The red rose has the highest EMG value, which represents the highest stress condition, and rose with white color shows the lowest EMG value, which means the most relaxing condition. While pink rose has the highest state anxiety measurement means a tense condition, and white rose has the lowest state anxiety measurement represents the respondents in a peaceful condition.

並列關鍵字

plantcolor ； electromyography(EMG) ； state-anxiety ； biofeedback