性別對商用紅羽土雞生長性能、血液生化值、屠體性狀及生產效益之影響

本研究旨在比較商用紅羽土雞，不同性別之生長性能、血液性狀、屠體性狀及生產效益之差異，以推薦適合之上市週齡。選用288隻健康且體重相近之出生雛雞，經性別鑑定後依公、母進行分組，每處理8重複，每重複18隻，試驗為期13週。試驗期間提供相同之育雛期（0－4週齡）、生長期（5－8週齡）及肥育期（9－13週齡）飼糧與水，供雞隻自由攝取。結果顯示，商用紅羽土雞公雞於8及13週齡之體重與平均日增重及隻日飼料採食量顯著較母土雞為高（P<0.05），且肥育期之飼料轉換率亦顯著較母土雞為佳（P<0.05），而全期死亡率則顯著較母土雞為高（P<0.05）。商用紅羽土雞公雞於4週齡之血漿總膽固醇及肌酸酐濃度顯著較母土雞為高（P<0.05），而13週齡之血漿三酸甘油酯濃度則顯著較母土雞為低（P<0.05）。商用紅羽土雞公雞於5－8、9－13及0－13週齡之飼料採食成本顯著較母土雞為多（P<0.05），9－13及0－13週齡之增重成本顯著較母土雞為少（P<0.05），且0－13週齡之粗收益則均顯著較母土雞為多（P<0.05）。另商用紅羽土雞公雞之活體重、屠體重及屠宰率顯著較母土雞為高（P<0.05），商用紅羽土雞母雞之腹脂比例則顯著較公土雞者為高（P<0.05）。綜上結果顯示，建議商用紅羽土雞公雞飼養到12－13週齡；母土雞則飼養到8－9週齡上市，可達到較佳之生產效益。

關鍵字

屠體性狀；土雞；性別；生長效益

並列摘要

An experiment was carried out to compare growth performances, blood characteristics, carcass traits and compare yield earnings of male and female chickens for commercial red feather native chicken. To recommend the suitable market age for chickens. Two hundred and eighty-eight healthy commercial red feather native chickens at 0-day were used as experimental animals, with similar body weight, were selected and randomly assigned to either male or female groups, which were allocated into 8 repeats with 18 chickens in each pen (409 × 192 cm). All chickens were provided with the same starter (0-4 weeks of age), grower (5-8 weeks of age) and finisher (9-13 weeks of age) diets. Feed and water were provided and feeding was ad libitum for 13 weeks experimental period. The results showed that average gain weight and feed intake in male chickens was significantly greater than those female chickens in the finisher period (P < 0.05). Compared with female chickens, male chickens had a significantly lower feed conversion ratio in finishers (P < 0.05). In addition, the mortality was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in male chickens in all during all periods whereas the female chickens had significantly lower concentration of plasma total cholesterol and creatinine in the starter period (P < 0.05). Also, the plasma triglyceride concentration in finishers was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in female chickens than those male chickens in finisher period. The feed cost in the grower, finisher and full period in male chickens were significantly greater (P < 0.05). Whereas the female chickens had significantly higher per kilogram gain weight cost in the finisher and full period (P < 0.05). In addition, the earnings were significantly (P < 0.05) greater in male chickens in 13 weeks. In addition, the percentages of live weight, carcass weight and dressing were significantly higher (P < 0.05) in male chickens than those female chickens, but the percentages of abdominal fat weight was significantly higher in female chickens than those male chickens (P < 0.05). In conclusion, commercial red-feather male native chickens are raised for 12-13 weeks; female native chickens can be raised to the market for 8 weeks, which can achieve the best production benefits.

並列關鍵字

Carcass traits ； Native chicken ； Sexes ； Yield earnings

主題瀏覽