非接觸式智慧卡在交通運輸系統應用範疇日漸廣泛,以台北市為例,悠遊卡自民國91年6月發行以來,使用範圍從台北捷運、聯營公車及路外停車收費,拓展至計程車收費與路邊停車收費。就停車收費而言,目前路外停車場已有超過20,000個格位使用悠遊卡票證系統,而路邊停車場則有3,000個格位使用悠遊卡計時器。然而,過去鮮少有文獻針對停車收費使用非接觸式智慧卡之成本效益進行量化分析與研究,故本研究將從使用者、社會環境與經營管理者三方面探討路外與路邊停車場使用非接觸式智慧卡之成本效益狀況。 本研究依據台北市停車收費現況建立使用非接觸式智慧卡之成本效益評估項目與計算公式,其中路外停車場使用者效益項目包括時間節省效益、燃料使用節省效益,而時間節省效益還可分為進出口時間節省效益、繳費時間節省效益;社會環境效益則僅考慮空氣污染成本節省效益;經營管理者效益則包含建置成本、營運成本與業外收益。至於路邊停車場則僅針對經營管理者部分作量化分析,其成本效益項目包含設置成本、營運成本、業外損失與營運收益。 本研究計算停車收費使用悠遊卡現況之總效益,其中路外停車場小汽車使用悠遊卡可獲得正效益,而對機車而言亦為正效益。路外停車場效益對象中,以使用者可獲得最多效益,其中又以使用者繳費時間節省效益所佔比例最高。若路外停車收費全面使用單一悠遊卡系統,則小汽車或者機車之總效益皆為正效益。本研究計算路邊停車場經營管理者使用悠遊卡現況之總效益,其計算結果亦為正效益,其效益來源為收銀人力釋出所創造之額外營收。
The application of contactless smart card in transportation field is more and more general. Take Taipei City for example, the application field of contactless smart card expands from MRT, bus and off-street parking lots to the taxi and curb parking lots. For parking fee collection, there are over 20,000 off-street parking sections and 3,000 curb parking sections using contactless smart card for fee collection. However, there are only few references to research and analyze the quantification benefit of using contactless smart card for parking fee collection; therefore, the thesis will analyze the benefit of using contackless smart card for off-street parking lot and curb parking lot fee collection from the user, the socialenvironment and the operator. The thesis built up benefit items and calculation formulas for using contactless smart card for parking fee collection. In the part of off-street parking lot, the user benefit contains entering and exiting time saving benefit and paying time saving benefit. The social environment benefit only considers the air pollution cost saving. The operator benefit contains building cost saving benefit, operating cost saving benefit, and non-operating revenue benefit. In the part of curb parking lot, the operator benefit contains building cost saving benefit, operating saving benefit,non-operating cost saving benefit, and operating revenue benefit. The thesis calculates the total benefit of using contactless smart card for parking fee collection. The total benefit of car users in the off-street parking lot is positive and the benefit of motorcycle users is positive, too. The users obtain the highest benefit in all benefit objects. The paying time saving benefit of users is the highest benefit item. If using fully contactless smart card system for parking fee collection, the total benefit is positive and higher then present state. The total benefit of curb parking lot is also positive. The benefit comes from the revenue added from the released corn collection staffs.