RFID為基之模組化彈性製造系統單元控制器之設計與發展

Modular Cell Controller Design and Development for RFID Based Flexible Manufacturing System

張文琦(Wen-Chi Chang)

指導教授 ： 陳凱瀛

國立臺北科技大學/管理學院/工業工程與管理系所/碩士(2006年)

摘要

彈性製造系統(Flexible Manufacturing System, FMS)本身是一個具高度同步性(concurrency)的複雜系統，在運作時，幾乎每個時刻皆有數台工作機器同時在進行動作，而單元控制器(Cell controller)的設計與發展能解決這種複雜系統問題。建構良好的單元控制器不是一件容易的事，因此為能明顯表示同步性、解決互斥(conflict)事件，且能分析整個系統等問題，本研究採用彩色裴氏圖(Colored Petri Net, CPN)來建構與分析模型的工具，並以階層化分散式控制架構來分析整個彈性製造系統，處理自單元階層控制中心到工作層(Workstation level)，再到機器階層(Machining level)為止，各階層的控制和協調問題，以模組化設計(modular design)建構出無線射頻辨識(Radio Frequency Identification, RFID)為基的各類型機台設備模組模式。
達到設計良好控制器之目的，需事先建構出能夠模擬製造現場運作情形的模式，並對無線射頻辨識標籤(Tag)進行編碼，將彩色裴氏圖之彩色標誌(color tokens)所攜帶的資料值，在各加工機台製造時，即時寫入標籤裡，達到在製品即時追踨管控。透過建置好的彩色裴氏圖模型，以PACE軟體進行系統分析，確認沒有錯誤後，再以高階程式語言撰寫控制器程式。期能在較短時間內建構出彈性製造系統的控制器，來監控整廠的運作，做為線上即時監控系統。最後於國立臺北科技大學製造執行系統實驗室內建立小型彈性製造系統，撰寫與實際機台連線之單元控制器程式，以驗證所提之整合方法可行。希望藉此實驗所建構的彈性製造系統，能作為日後業界快速導入與應用RFID於彈性製造系統之管制追蹤。

關鍵字

彈性製造系統 ； 彩色裴氏圖 ； 模組化設計 ； 無線射頻辨識 ； 階層化分散式控制

並列摘要

Flexible Manufacturing System (FMS) is a complicated system with high concurrency. During operations, there are several machines operating at the same time. Design and development of cell controller can solve the complex system problems. It’s not easy to construct a fine cell controller. To show concurrency apparently, solve conflict events, and analyze the whole system, this research adopts Colored Petri Net (CPN) on constructing and analyzing models. Firstly, we analyze FMS structure and coordinate communications from cell controller to workstation level, and then to machine level by hierarchical distributed control system. Furthermore, we create modular CPN models for different types of equipment machines with Radio Frequency Identification (RFID).
In order to design the well-performance controller, it is necessary to encode the RFID tags and construct the modules which can simulate the real state operating of manufacturing situations. For tracking the real time status of WIP, we write the data which according to color tokens of CPN into tags when processing operation is finished. The program of cell controller was written after using PACE software to analyze some properties of CPN models. The purpose of research is to construct FMS cell controller in a short time for monitoring the operation of manufacturing industry as for real-time online monitoring system. To verify the method of constructed modules, we implement the program with real machines at Manufacturing Execution System Lab, National Taipei University of Technology. The RFID based FMS testbed can provide a reference site for applying RFID in the shop floor control.

並列關鍵字

Flexible Manufacturing System ； Colored Petri Net ； Modular design ； Radio Frequency Identification ； Hierarchical Distributed Control System

參考文獻

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