考慮多風向與線損之大型離岸風場內風機建置與佈線最佳化研究

因為近年來再生能源的被重視，加上大型風場的土地取得不易，離岸式風場的建置在世界上也漸趨流行，在一個典型的大型風場內，通常會有數百台的風力發電機，其範圍可能大到數十平方公里。因此在離岸式風場內風力機的建置及纜線配置規劃上有著許多可行的方案，在設計上必須從這些可行的方案中挑選出最佳的一個，通常是最大風力發電量輸出或是最低的運轉及建置成本。本研究探討離岸風場在固定的風機台數與場址範圍下，在風場內做風力發電機之最佳排列。並在風機建置後，執行風場的線路配置。為使風力發電機能有最大發電功率，本文使用基因演算法，考慮多方向風力做風場內風機之最佳化排列，將風能的損耗降到最低；在線路配置上則因為演算法特性，使用蟻拓演算法做輻射型配線，K-means演算法做星型配線，並以不同的纜線線徑做線路配置，來得出線路配置成本最佳化。本研究以現實風場環境為例，所求出的風力發電輸出功率以及風場運轉收入與傳統方式相比，均獲得更大的效益。期望對於未來規劃離岸式風場的建設公司，能在系統規劃時有適當的參考目標。

關鍵字

基因演算法；蟻拓演算法； K-means演算法；尾流效應；佈線最佳化

並列摘要

Because of renewable energy is a popular research field in recent years. It is difficult to large wind farm to obtain land. To establish an offshore wind farm is become trend worldwide. In a typical large-scale wind farm, there are hundreds of wind turbines, which may range as large as several to tens of square kilometers. There are many feasible schemes for the turbines layout and internal electric connection system in the offshore wind farm. The planner must find an optimal solution to the problem, which is usually the maximum power output, lowest install and operation cost. In this study, the configuration of the offshore wind farms with fixed number of turbines and the finite area is valid by using the optimal layout of wind turbines(WTs) to produce maximum power. After WTs is constructed and the optimal layout of a radial network is implement, we apply genetic algorithm to optimize the arrangement of WTs in consideration of minimizing the energy loss caused by the wake effect among the turbines. Moreover, in order to consist with the realistic system, using radial and star network for the cable connection and considering various diameters of feeders are necessary. Then we apply characteristics of ant colony algorithm and k-means clustering about finding the optimal path to obtain the minimal cost of cable connection and turbines layout. In this thesis, we take a real offshore wind farms as an example. The obtained result of WTs layout and cable connection is more efficient than the traditional configurations. Besides, this research provides wind farm establishment company a more appropriate design on offshore wind farms in the future .

並列關鍵字

Genetic Algorithm ； Ant Colony System ； k-means clustering ； Wake Effect ； Layout

參考文獻

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考慮多風向與線損之大型離岸風場內風機建置與佈線最佳化研究

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