- 學位論文
知識管理中知識基本性質之研究—以一般系統理論為方法
A Study of Natural Knowledge in Knowledge Management -An Approach of General System Theory
摘要
摘要 知識在現今社會環境中欲顯重要，其價值也隨著智慧資本的提出而越來越受到管理學界的重視，但在大眾討論知識管理等知識相關議題時，卻忽略了知識本質特性，而一味的以外觀的觀點，針對知識的外顯化現象加以分析探討，如此便會產生管理失當的問題，尤其是針對知識這一個難以掌握又無形的概念體，應以內觀觀點瞭解其本質特性，方可獲得較佳的管理成效。 本研究回顧知識管理、知識特性、一般系統理論和系統理論相關文獻，以「文獻資料分析法」為研究方法，經由歸納與演繹思維的運用，瞭解且釐清知識與系統間之關連，並從中建立知識的系統特性。在系統的整體性、穩定性、層次性、自組織性、目的性、突變性、開放性與相似性等八項特性基礎下，從內觀的角度建立代表不同系統特性的三十二項知識相關命題，同時以知識系統特性發展出不同的知識分類方式，藉由從內觀角度的分類方式，本研究發現其分類結果更能有效的描述、分類、管理眾多不同形態的知識。 經由本研究探討，本研究所得之重要結論可分為下列三點：一、知識為一系統，具有系統的特性，也為知識之本質特性；二、知識特性可作為知識分類之依據，依知識特性分類之知識在管理、運用上會更加容易；三、知識管理應藉由知識特性命題更加瞭解知識特性，以利管理制度之建立、推行。此外本研究亦以系統開放性與知識外顯性為構面，利用知識與系統的重要特性，將知識區分為實體型知識、認知型知識、指向型知識以及需求型知識四大類，此四類知識和本研究中以知識特性為基礎所建立的知識特性分類方式，有相當類似穩定的一致性與結果。
並列摘要
Abstract Knowledge is getting more and more important in the recent years. After the term: “Intelligent Capital” has been proposed, knowledge played a very important role in management field. When everyone discussed about knowledge management, people always use “outside viewpoint direction”, and only try to describe the shape of the knowledge. It is impossible for a manager to control knowledge very well without using “inside viewpoint direction”. The thesis review the papers concerning the “ general system theory”, “system theory” , “knowledge management” and “natural knowledge”, taking secondary analysis as the research methodology and using “induction”, “deduction” two different thinking approaches to realize the relation between knowledge and systems. The thirty-two propositions of knowledge are constructed on the eight system characteristics: wholeness, stability, openness, levelness, finality, self-organization, and catastrophe. The classifications by using natural knowledge are easier for manager to describe, manage, and control different type of knowledge. And the research findings and conclusion can divided into three points, describe as follows: 1. Knowledge is systems, it contains all system characteristic and the system characteristic is also the natural knowledge. 2. The natural knowledge can be the rule to classify different knowledge; these classifications let knowledge easier to manage than usual. 3. The knowledge management should pay more attention on the natural knowledge in order to manage knowledge form the bottom. Otherwise, the thesis propose a two dimension knowledge classification by using “system openness” and “knowledge explicitly”. In this knowledge classification, we can divided knowledge into four different types, they are: materiality knowledge, cognitive knowledge, directionality knowledge and demand knowledge. These four type knowledge have well consistency with the knowledge classification by natural knowledge. They have good similarity and stability with all kinds of knowledge classifications.