崗梅葉部精油成分之研究

Studies on the Essential Oil Constituents from the leave of Ilex asprella Champ.

廖俊彥(Jun-Yan Liau)

指導教授 ： 謝博進

中原大學/理學院/化學系/碩士(2006年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu200600595

摘要

崗梅(Ilex asprella Champ.)，為冬青科的植物，在臺灣全境的平野及低海拔山區皆可見到其蹤影，具有清熱、活血、解毒、治感冒、頭暈、喉痛、蛇咬、百日咳等作用，也是製作涼茶常用的原料。
將新採的崗梅葉，經清洗、風乾等步驟後，進行水蒸氣蒸餾，再經溶劑萃取，鹼處理、水洗與濃縮等步驟，得其淡褐色的中性精油。中性精油經液相色層分析粗分，分成碳氫化合物和含氧化合物兩大部分，並使用氣相層析-火焰離子偵測器(GC-FID)、氣相層析-質譜儀(GC-MS)、傅立葉轉換紅外光光譜儀(FTIR)、核磁共振光譜儀(NMR)鑑定其化學成份。其中由碳氫化合物中單離出兩個化合物1,2-dihydro-1,1,6-trimethyl-naphthalene、kaurene，
而以GC-MS光譜鑑定12個化合物1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1,1,6-trimethyl-naphthalene、copaene、τ-muurolene、α-muurolene、α-farnesene、 (2E)-3,7,11,15-
tetramethyl-2-hexadecene、1,1,4a-trimethyl-6-methylene-5-
[(2E)-3-methyl-2-4-pentadienyl]decahydronaphthalene、
(8β,13β)-13-methyl-17-norkaur-15-ene、rosa-5,15-diene、kaur-15-ene、heneicosane、heptacosane、octacosane。含氧化合物中單離出5個化合物β-ionone、1-(2,3,6-trimethylphenyl)-2-butanone
、farnesylacetone、isophytol、phytol，以GC-MS光譜鑑定15個化合物benzyl alcohol、α-methyl-α-[4-methyl-3-pentenyl]
oxiranemethanol、β-linalool、p-menth-1-en-8-ol、(E,E)-3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadien-1-ol、1-(2,6,6-trimethyl-
1,3-cyclohexadien-1-yl)-2-buten-1-one、dihydroactinidiolide、
benzophenone、6,10,14-trimethyl-2-pentadecanone、methyl hexadecanoate、1-eicosanol、methyl (Z,Z)-9,12-
octadecadienoate、methyl (Z,Z,Z)-9,12,15-octadecatrienoate、methyl octadecanoate、4,8,12,16-tetramethylheptadecan-4-olide。

關鍵字

葉部 ； 崗梅 ； 精油

並列摘要

Ilex asprella Champ.,a member of Aquifoliaceae family were found in the plain and low elevation mountain at Taiwan.The plant was used treatment febrifuge、Huoxue、antidote、coryza、vertigo、laryngitis、snakebite、pertussis and often was used produce herbal tea.
The leaves were freshly harvested from Ilex asprella trees. After cleaning and immediately air-dried, the leaves were steam-distilled for essential oils. The essential oils in the distillate were then solvent extracted before treatment with base to remove acidic compounds. The slightly brown neutral essential oil mixture was separated and purified by column chromatography.
The oil mixture was chromatographed into hydrocarbon and oxygenated fractions that were analyzed for the chemical components by gas chromatography(GC)equipped with a flame ionization detector(FID) and mass spectrometer detector(MS),Fourier Transform infrared spectrometer(FTIR),and nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer(NMR). In the hydrocarbon fraction,1,2-dihydro-1,1,6-trimethyl-naphthalene、kaurene、1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1,1,6-trimethyl-naphthalene、copaene、
τ-muurolene、α-muurolene、α-farnesene、(2E)-3,7,11,15-
tetramethyl-2-hexadecene、1,1,4a-trimethyl-6-methylene-
5-[(2E)-3-methyl-2-4-pentadienyl]decahydronaphthalene、
(8β,13β)-13-methyl-17-norkaur-15-ene、rosa-5,15-diene、kaur-15-ene、heneicosane、heptacosane、octacosane were identified.In the oxygenated fraction, β-ionone、1-(2,3,6-trimethylphenyl)- 2-butanone、farnesylacetone、isophytol、phytol、benzyl alcohol、α-methyl-α-[4-methyl-3-pentenyl]oxiranemethanol、β-linalool、p-menth-1-en-8-ol、(E,E)-3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadien-1-ol、1-(2,6,6-trimethyl-1,3-cyclohexadien-1-yl)-2-buten-1-one、dihydroactinidiolide、benzophenone、6,10,14-trimethyl-
2-pentadecanone、methyl hexadecanoate、1-eicosanol、methyl (Z,Z)-9,12-octadecadienoate、methyl (Z,Z,Z)-
9,12,15-octadecatrienoate、methyl octadecanoate、4,8,12,16-tetramethylheptadecan-4-olide were identified.

並列關鍵字

Ilex asprella ； Leave ； Essential Oil

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