RoHS物料風險評估-以網路設備公司為例

Risk Evaluation of RoHS Components - A Case Study of Network Product Company

詹益竺(Yi-Chu Chan)

指導教授 ： 饒忻

中原大學/電機資訊學院/工業與系統工程研究所/碩士(2015年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu201500772

摘要

在歐盟電機電子環保指令以及其他環保法規的要求下，目前國內相關電子產業都已建立綠色供應鏈管理系統，所生產的產品物料也以綠色環保為主。如何進一步讓整體運作能更有效率，避免盲目的作業方式所導致不必要的公司資源浪費是我們必須要省思的。本研究所探討的RoHS物料風險的評估，期望建立一套評估模式來改善個案公司現行的RoHS物料風險分級方式，並希望提供相關產業建構物料風險評估機制的參考依據。藉由失效模式與效應分析 (FMEA) 之風險評估概念，來建構物料風險之評估架構及準則，針對個案公司所面臨的風險性來訂定FMEA風險因子，以供應商RoHS文件管理以及X射線螢光分析儀 (X-ray fluorescence, XRF) 儀器檢測數據兩大方向作為風險因子評估的依據。將供應商物料風險分成為三部分，嚴重度 (S) 是以供應商提供符合性證明文件來區分；發生率 (O) 乃透過XRF儀器檢測鉛 (Pb)、汞 (Hg)、鎘 (Cd) 結果來區分；難檢度(D) 則以XRF儀器檢測總鉻 (Cr)、總溴 (Br) 結果來區分，並藉由這三項風險因子來計算物料的風險優先指數 (Risk Priority Number, RPN)。個案公司透過這一套物料風險評估模式後，確實有效的篩選出高風險物料，可針對此物料進行風險改善。評估後的物料風險等級，除了比先前的物料風險分級方式具可信度外，也發現許多物料類別風險性已明顯降低，可大幅減少在進料RoHS檢測上的頻率和時間。

關鍵字

電機電子設備限用有害物質指令 ； 失效模式與效應分析 ； 風險評估

並列摘要

Green Supply Chain Management System has been established in domestic related electronic industries currently upon the requests of EU RoHS and other environmental regulations. Thus, products and materials are all made on the basis of these green regulations. What we need to reflect is how to make whole operations more effective and prevent resources of companies from being wasted by blind operation methods. Risk evaluation of RoHS components discussed in this research is expected to develop an evaluation model to improve the risk categorization methods of RoHS materials in the case-discussed company and also hope to provide mechanisms of constructing evaluation on the material risks for reference with related industries. The structure and criteria of evaluation on material risks are developed on the basis of the risk evaluation concepts of FMEA. Moreover, the risk factors of FMEA are set up per what the case-discussed company faces and the two indexes, vendors’ RoHS documentation management and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) inspection data, are regarded as references of evaluations on risk factors. Material risks of vendors can be separated into three risk factors: severity, occurrence and detection. They are distinguished by conformity-proved documents from vendors, results with Pb, Hg and Cd inspected by XRF instruments, and results with Cr and Br inspected by XRF instruments, respectively. From these three factors, we can calculate risk priority number (RPN) of materials. Based on this model of risk evaluation, the case-discussed company can filter out high risky materials more effectively, and perform risk improvement on such materials. However, the material risk level is more reliable on the proposed model than that on the previous material risk categorization method. The risks of many material categories are also found to be lowered obviously and frequencies and time on RoHS inspection also decrease substantially.

並列關鍵字

RoHS ； FMEA ； Risk evaluation

參考文獻

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