內部及外部設計能耐與獲得產品設計獎項之研究 – 以台灣手工具企業為例

隨著近年來台灣企業的產品設計能力屢獲4項國際知名設計獎項 (德國iF, Reddot, 日本G-mark與美國IDEA) 的正面肯定。很顯然的設計能力是決定企業能否獲得設計獎項的重要因素。贏得國際設計獎項已成為企業之間提升競爭力的一項重要指標意義，也是推動台灣企業發展並肯定企業設計能力的方式之一。在手工具產業當中，企業設計能力可分成內部與外部。為了進一步探討內部設計、外部設計能力與產品設計獎項的相關因素，本研究旨在探討：1) 擬出台灣手工具企業設計能力與獲獎的評估架構， 2) 探討企業內部設計與外部能力是否影響獲得國際設計競賽獎項，藉此提供手工具業者參考。本研究係以Swan et al. (2005)，Eckman & Wanger (1994)及Garvin (1984,1987) 所提出對企業設計能力之四大評估構面及劉瑞芬(2005) 所提出的七大步驟之設計程序做為初步理論分析架構。因本研究具深入探索性研究的特性，故採用質性之個案研究法，來驗證分析架構的可行性，最終建立出手工具企業獲得設計獎項之設計能力因素評估架構，包括納入產品的獨創性與使用者需求這兩項新要素。經個案研究結果發現，台灣手工具產業在設計能力之架構模式下，企業結合外部設計在獲得國際設計獎項之件數較高，比企業自行內部設計而言。本研究另發現相同產業在內部設計程序與外部設計程序中都不盡相同。期盼本研究的結果可作為企業提升自我關鍵設計能力，使台灣手工具企業能設計出更具獨特性產品的參考依據，進而產品獲得更多國際設計獎項。

關鍵字

設計能力；設計獎項；設計程序；委外設計；手工具產業

並列摘要

In recent years, the product design by Taiwan firms has won positive recognition in 4 International Design Awards, including iF and Reddot from Germany, G-mark from Japan and IDEA from USA. Design capability is obvious a key factor for an enterprise to win the design awards. Winning the International Design Awards not only has become a quota significant between enterprise’s competitiveness, but also pushes forward a development of Taiwan firms to get publicity. This is a way to approve an enterprise’s design capability. In hand-tools business, design capability could differentiate from internal and external. In order to further explore the relationships between internal, external design capabilities and winning product design awards, the purpose of this study aims to: 1) create an evaluation framework of hand-tool enterprise’s design capability with respect to winning product design award; 2) investigate the effective relationship between enterprise’s internal, external design capability and winning design awards. This case study could be a reference for hand-tool business. The elementary theoretical analysis in this research is based on four evaluation frameworks of enterprise’s design capability, which are followed by Swan et al.(2005), Eckman & Wanger(1994) and Garvin(1984, 1987), and seven steps of design procedure from Rui-Fen Liu’s point of view(2005). The analysis’s feasibility was validated by intensive interviews through case study, and its contents are finalized to build up an evaluation framework of design capability, including adding two new elements, which are product’s originality and user’s demand, for hand-tool business to win the International Design Awards. The results of this study reveal that under the model of design capability in the Taiwan hand-tools business, an enterprise combining with external design had received more design awards, comparing to an enterprise with internal design. In addition, the other finding of this study case is that in the same industry the design procedure of internal and external is different. Thus, these results could offer not only for an enterprise improves the key-point of design capability, but also for Taiwan hand-tools business as a reference guide create more specifically products, than winning more and more International Product Design Awards.