國民中學藝術與人文學習領域教科書音樂欣賞教材之內容分析

Content Analysis of the Music Appreciation Teaching Materials in Junior High School Arts and Humanities Textbooks

李宛蓁(Wan-Chen Lee)

指導教授 ： 陳曉雰

國立臺灣師範大學/藝術學院/音樂學系/碩士(2009年)

摘要

本研究旨在針對國民中學藝術與人文學習領域教科書之音樂欣賞教材進行內容分析，研究者選擇96學年度教育部審定通過之國民中學藝術與人文學習領域教科書，包含育成、南一、康軒、翰林等四個版本為研究對象，自編「國民中學藝術與人文學習領域教科書之音樂欣賞教材分析類目表」作為研究工具，期望藉由對音樂欣賞教材之分析，瞭解各版本教科書音樂欣賞教材之教材內容比例、教材內涵與音樂欣賞曲目。根據內容分析之結果與討論，獲致結論如下：
一、各版本教科書音樂欣賞教材之內容分析：
育成版音樂欣賞教材圖片比例高，教材內涵著重音樂欣賞曲目的基礎介紹，包括作品分析、各國音樂家的介紹；南一版音樂欣賞教材內涵以作品分析之樂曲簡介為基礎；康軒版音樂欣賞教材譜例數量多，使用多元的教學評量方式與音樂欣賞曲目；翰林版教材內涵較重視時代背景與文化脈絡的介紹，音樂欣賞曲目以本國音樂與流行音樂數量較多。
二、各版本教科書音樂欣賞教材之比較：
教科書音樂欣賞教材內容比例均超過五成，以南一版教材比例最高，教學建議時數在各版本中皆佔四成以上，為音樂教科書之主要內容；各版本音樂欣賞教材圖片比例以育成版最高，譜例比例以康軒版為最高。在音樂欣賞教材內涵方面，正文以作品分析為主，補充教材內容則以教材延伸、人物介紹與詞彙為主，教材說明多為作品分析與各國音樂家的補充資料；教學評量皆以形成性評量為主，教學法則以簡介性欣賞法與主題欣賞法為主要實施類型。音樂欣賞曲目則以原曲為主，著重西洋古典音樂之欣賞，演出型態多以器樂演奏為主。
藉由對藝術與人文學習領域教科書之教材比例、教材內涵以及欣賞曲目的探討，研究者發現國中階段藝術與人文學習領域教科書對音樂欣賞教材之重視，音樂欣賞教學不啻為當今與未來音樂教育之重要課題。

關鍵字

音樂欣賞教材 ； 教科書 ； 內容分析 ； 藝術與人文 ； 音樂教育

並列摘要

The purpose of the study was to conduct a content analysis of the music appreciation teaching materials in junior high school Arts and Humanities textbooks. Four textbook versions used in 2007 school year , namely, Uchen, Nani, Kang Hsuan, and Han Lin, which were approved by the Ministry of Education, were included as research subjects. The research instruments were self-developed “Content Analysis Table for Music Appreciation Teaching Materials in Junior High School Arts and Humanities Textbooks.” Through a content analysis, the researcher attempted to study the teaching material proportion, content, and the repertoire of the music appreciation.
According to the findings and discussions of the content analysis, the conclusions of this research were as follows:
1.Content analysis of the music appreciation teaching materials
The music appreciation teaching materials of Uchen were high in picture proportion and were significant in a basic presentation of the repertoire, included an analysis of works and an introducation of musicians. The music appreciation teaching materials of Nani were based on a brief introduction of an analysis of works in the overall content. The music appreciation teaching materials of Kang Hsuan were numerous in score illustration. Kang Hsuan also showed a variety in utilizing assessments and repertoires. The music appreciation teaching materials of Han Lin appeared significant in introducing the historical background and cultural contexts, including a rich repertoire in Taiwanese and popular music.
2.Comparison of the music appreciation teaching materials
In all four versions, the proportion of music appreciation materials which exceeds 50%, and the suggested teaching hours which exceed 40% , were the main content in music textbooks. The music appreciation materials proportion of Nani was the highest. The highest proportion in picture appeard in Uchen, and the highest proportion in score illustration was the Kang Hsuan version. Regarding the content of music appreciation materials, it was significant in the analysis of works. Supplementary materials were dominant in extended materials, personage introduction and musical terms. The explanation of teaching materials was significant in an analysis of works and an introduction of musicians. Assessments were mainly formative. The teaching approaches were basically introductory and thematic. The music appreciation repertoires were mostly original music, with an emphasis on Western classical music and instrumental music.
Through a content analysis of the music appreciation teaching materials, the researcher found that the music appreciation materials were considered essential in junior high school arts and humanities textbooks. Therefore, music appreciation teaching was an important issue of music education in nowadays and the future.

並列關鍵字

music appreciation teaching materials ； textbooks ； content analysis ； arts and humanities ； music education

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