軍訓教官工作壓力與吸菸、飲酒行為之關係研究－以台北縣高中職為例

Research on the correlation between military training instructors’ work pressure and behaviors of smoking and drinking alcohol – with Senior High and Vocational Schools of Taipei County as examples

潘佩君(Pei-Jiun Pan)

指導教授 ： 李景美

國立臺灣師範大學/教育學院/健康促進與衛生教育學系在職進修碩士班/碩士(2009年)

摘要

本研究目的旨在探討台北縣高中職軍訓教官工作壓力與吸菸、飲酒行為之關係。以九十七年度「教育部台北縣聯絡處」高中職軍訓教官為研究對象，調查工具採自編製問卷，經專家效度及預試與信度考驗後，正式問卷樣本217份，有效回收率為80.4％，所得資料以SPSS 12.0套裝軟體進行次數分配、獨立樣本t檢定、單因子變異數、χ2卡方檢定、皮爾森積差相關、點二系列相關等統計分析，其結果歸納如下：

一、有91名研究對象過去曾經吸菸（曾吸1支也算）占41.9％，其平均每人每天工作時吸3.67支菸。另有196名過去曾經喝過酒占90.3％，其中有88名平均一個月1-2次偶而喝酒占40.6％。
二、受試教官面對工作壓力的排序，以「工作負荷」感受最高、其次為「學生行為管理」、最低為「教學、專業知能」層面。
三、受試教官在背景因素中的性別、服務學校類別與工作壓力之間的差異皆達顯著水準；分別為女性教官工作壓力高於男性，及公立學校教官工作壓力高於私立學校。
四、受試教官在背景因素中的性別、軍種及服務學校類別與飲酒動機之間的差異皆達顯著水準，軍種經事後比較，發現憲兵的飲酒動機高於陸軍。
五、飲酒動機與各種工作壓力層面之間呈顯著正相關，飲酒動機得分愈高的受試教官，其工作壓力愈大。另以吸菸經驗與工作壓力的關係呈正值，表示有吸菸經驗者其工作壓力較高。
六、受試教官在背景因素中的性別、階級兩者與吸菸經驗的卡方檢定結果皆達顯著差異，顯示男性有吸菸經驗的比例高於女性、校級高於尉級教官。飲酒經驗僅在性別方面的卡方檢定結果達顯著差異，顯示男性教官有飲酒經驗的比例高於女性。

依本研究結果，建議未來各高中職學校在推動校園教職員健康促進時，可將軍訓教官性別及公、私立學校間差異，納入整體學校健康計畫的規劃中，以降低工作壓力所可能發生的吸菸與飲酒行為。

關鍵字

高中職 ； 軍訓教官 ； 吸菸 ； 飲酒 ； 行為 ； 工作壓力

並列摘要

This research aims to investigate the correlation between military training instructors’ work pressure and behaviors of smoking and drinking alcohol. The research targets are based on military training instructors from 2008’s “Taipei County Office of Liaison, Ministry of Education”. Investigation tools involved self-made questionnaires, and after expert validity and pretest and reliability tests, formal questionnaire samples of 217 are collected with an effective retrieval rate of 80.4%. The data collected are statistically analyzed by frequency distribution, independent samples t-test, one-way ANOVA, chi-square tests, Pearson product-moment correlation and Point-Biserial Correlation using SPSS 12.0 software, and the results are classified as follows:

1.41.9% of research subjects (numbering 91) have smoked before (having smoked only 1 cigarette counts), an average of 3.67 cigarettes per day. 90.3% of research subjects (numbering 196) have drunk before, and 40.6% of them (numbering 88) drink occasionally, averaging once or twice per month.
2.In decreasing order of work pressure of the instructors interviewed, “workload” ranked the highest, followed by “students behavior management” and lastly “teaching and professional knowledge”.
3.Interviewed instructors display significant difference in background factors such as gender, service school type and work pressure with respect to work pressure; female instructors experience higher work pressure than their male counterparts, public school instructors face more pressure than those in private schools.
4.Interviewed instructors display significant difference in background factors such as gender, unit type and service school type with respect to motivation in drinking. Military Police (MP) have higher drinking tendency compared to the Army.
5.There is a positive correlation between drinking motivation and work pressure; instructors with higher work pressure tend to score higher in their drinking motivation questionnaires. In addition, smoking experience display positive correlation with work pressure as those with higher work pressure smoke more.
6.Interviewed instructors display significant difference in background factors such as gender and rank with respect to smoking chi-square test results. Results show that men have higher smoking experience compared to women, colonel level higher than company level. Interviewed instructors display significant difference only in gender with respect to drinking chi-square test results, showing that male instructors have higher drinking experience than female instructors.

According to the findings of this research, gender and difference between public and private school factors of military training instructors can be incorporated into the overall health scheme planning of senior high and vocational schools in the future, thereby reducing possible work pressure related smoking and drinking behaviors.

並列關鍵字

senior high and vocational schools ； military training instructor ； smoking ； drinking ； behaviors ； work pressure

參考文獻

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