本研究首先從我國現行法律規範中,檢討「不適任教師」處理及救濟問題,以憲法正當程序原則作為基準,希望對於現行規範有所建議。從現實面觀之,在現行規範架構下,雖然政府機關已逐漸建立相關機制,推動不適任教師處理流程法制化,但檢討目前所適用的法律規範,尚未健全完整,不明確的規範恐有剝奪教師本身憲法上工作權的可能性,因此更不容草率的實體及程序規定恣意行使。 在檢討中小學不適任教師之處理及救濟制度時,討論方向如下:第一章緒論;第二章不適任教師之概念及其爭議;第三章不適任教師處理之救濟程序;第四章不適任教師處理及救濟中之正當法律程序的理論依據;第五章美國不適任教師處理及救濟制度;第六章我國的不適任教師處理及救濟制度改進之建議。 研究者研究此問題之主要核心著眼於「不適任教師法律定義不明確」及「不適任教師處理及救濟程序在規範上未臻健全」因而與憲法正當程序原則相牴觸的相關探討,期從人權保障及程序正義上著墨,並參考美國的處理方式與程序,希望提供些許思惟觀點,作為今後處理相關問題之參考。 本研究在檢討目前的不適任教師處理相關問題後,所給予的建議為:(1)就「懲處」要件必須明確(2)「懲處」規範及其執行應該符合正當法律程序(3)應設立關於「懲處」處分的專門機關(4)教師申訴法令必須加以修訂使其完備(5)檢討目前申訴制度的適用方式。
This study is to examine the appealing procedure, based on the constitutional due process of law, for teachers who are deemed incompetent. Although the procedural and appealing mechanism for incompetent teachers has gradually been set up, the appealing procedure for incompetent teachers has not yet been stated clearly in the current laws and regulations. As a result, the incompetent teachers’ constitutional rights may not be protected. The structure of this study is as follows: Chapter 1, Introduction; Chapter 2, Definition of incompetent teacher and issues; Chapter 3, The appealing procedure for incompetent teachers; Chapter 4, Due process of law for incompetent teachers who wish to make an appeal; Chapter 5, The US practice; Chapter 6 Recommendations. This study focus on the possible breach of “due process of law” which is caused by the unclear legal definition of “incompetent teacher” as well as the vague legislation procedural wise and on appealing. This study stresses on human right protections and procedural justice. It also refers to the US practice which provides some different view points in dealing with the similar issues. On completion of reviewing the issues regarding incompetent teacher, this study has made the following recommendations: (1) Clear legislation on the elements of punishment, (2) “Due process of law” to be applied on the legislation and its enforcement (3) To establish an organization in charge of such punishment (4) Review the current legislation on appealing (5) Review the current procedure on appealing.