女性在健身俱樂部中的休閒與身體經驗

Women’s Leisure and Body experience in Health Club

王昭琪(Chao-Chi Wang)

指導教授 ： 潘淑滿

國立臺灣師範大學/教育學院/社會教育學系/碩士(2003年)

摘要

在資訊時代的社會，充斥著許多以女性美麗、苗條身體為主題的廣告，不僅傳遞出社會理想的身體形象，同時也不斷建構一套屬於女性「該有」的身體形象。在不知不覺中，女性將這套社會訂定的「理想美」內化，並成為「主動」尋求改變身體以符合社會標準的有效途徑。近年來，在都會地區快速形成風潮的瘦身美容中心、整型中心，甚至健身俱樂部等身體工業，其實就是提供不同的方式讓女性進行身體的改造。
1980年代，女性主義著重於批判塑身美容工業。而二十一世紀的現在，「健身俱樂部」正是美容工業的延續。打著健身、健康的旗幟，骨子裡仍然是照著社會上對女性的標準，來進行女體改造工程。而兩者最大的差異是健身俱樂部強調可以透過不同的運動器材及課程來改造自己身體不滿意的部分。
健身俱樂部是都會區域新興、時髦的休閒產業，提供女性在休閒活動中可以達到身體建構及實踐的場域。因此本研究以國內兩家健身俱樂部（亞力山大健康休閒俱樂部及佳姿氧身工程館）為研究場域，運用參與觀察法及深度訪談法，將研究結果依據結構、環境及個人三個面向分述如下：
一、就結構面來說，健身俱樂部的會員制度，使得消費者會覺得到健身
俱樂部從是休閒消費，除了購買到休閒體驗的經驗外，更重要的是時尚及社會地位的一種實踐。目前亞力山大及佳姿兩家健身俱樂部走向大眾化及頂級化兩極路線，將會員依會費做分類，這樣的會員區隔制度，激起一種資本主義社會中虛榮的競爭關係。另外，會員這度的另一個影響是由於年費的繳交，刺激會員長期的使用，在過程中，漸進式的規訓會員的身體。
二、就環境而言，健身俱樂部 成功的將女體論述，透過休閒運動的包裝而轉化。一方面強調一種健康美的目標，提醒女性追尋，另一方面，在環境中，讓女性在歡愉與競爭氛圍之下，管理並監控自己的身體。
三、就個人面來說，女多元的休閒性在健康休閒俱樂部多樣化的設備之下，獲得多元的休閒體驗與動態的身體經驗。

關鍵字

身體 ； 休閒 ； 健身俱樂部

並列摘要

The society at information age, is packed with a lot of advertisements taking women's beauty, slim health as theme. Not only transmit society's ideal health image but also building and constructing a set of health images which belongs to the woman ' there should be ' constantly at the same time.
Unconsciously, women ' ideal beautiful ' take inside what the society stipulate, and change body in order to accord with social effective way of standard to seek to become. In recent years , are knowing the weight-reducing beauty centre that the area forms the agitation fast , having a facelift in the centre, even body industry , such as health club , etc., is in fact the transformation of offering different ways to let women carry on the body.
In 1980 times, the feminists focus on criticizing the industry of shaping the female body. And now in the 21st century, ' the health club ' is exactly the continuity of the industry of shaping the female body. Making the flag of the fitness and health, still shine to women's standard in the society, to carry on the improvement project of woman body at heart. And the two most heavy difference, health club emphasize can come transformation one's own part that health unsatisfied through different sports apparatus and course.
The leisure industry that it will all be with new developing, fashionable area that the health club is, offering to women can reach the body and build the field land that is constructed and practiced in the leisure activity.
So this two health clubs (Alexander Health Club & Youth-camp Health Club) in the research are in order to study the field land, use and participate in observe and depth interview , divide and state the result of study as follows according to the structure , environment and personal three orientations:
First, on saying the structure, the system of member in the health club, make consumers think that get to the health club and is engaged in consuming in leisure , besides buying the experience experienced in leisure, the more important thing is a kind of practice of the fashion and social status.
Route of the two poles that Alexander Health Club and Youth-camp Health Club become popular and top a t present, classify the member in accordance with the membership dues , such a member district evokes the competition relation of vanity in a kind of capitalist society thro ugh the system.
In addition, another influence of member's system is because annual fee is paid, stimulating member's long-term beginning forever, during the course, the progressive rule trains the member's health.
Second, as regards environment, the successful describing the woman body of health club, transform through the packaging of the outdoor activity. On one hand emphasize a kind of healthy and beautiful goal, remind women to pursue , on the other hand, in the environment, let women manage and control one's own body under the joyous and pleased and competition atmosphere.
Third, on individual side, women's plural leisure is under the diversified equipment of health club, get plural leisure to experience with dynamic health experience.

並列關鍵字

body ； leisure ； Health Club

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